When you lose focus, you lose the ability to achieve your goals. And, unfortunately, we live in a world of endless distractions. Yet, by understanding the neuroscience of attention, you can train your brain to focus on what matters.
-- Please support this channel by signing up for Sense of Mind's Patreon and get bonus content every month: https://www.patreon.com/senseofmind You'll get: - Exclusive videos only for Patrons - Written (blog post) versions of all new videos, including this one! -- Chapters: 00:00 Distraction Stops You From Achieving Your Goals 00:13 The Neuroscience of Attention 05:24 4 Steps to Improve Your Focus 10:53 Flow, Focus, and Happiness 12:06 The Biggest Distraction and How to Beat It -- 📖 Get 20% off your annual Shortform subscription by using this link: https://www.shortform.com/senseofmind -- Sources: Fiebelkorn, I. C., & Kastner, S. (2020). Functional specialization in the attention network. Annual review of psychology, 71(1), 221-249. Bailey, C. (2018). Hyperfocus: How to be more productive in a world of distraction. Random House Canada. Huang, H., Li, R., & Zhang, J. (2023). A review of visual sustained attention: neural mechanisms and computational models. PeerJ, 11, e15351. Tang, Y. Y., Tang, R., Posner, M. I., & Gross, J. J. (2022). Effortless training of attention and self-control: mechanisms and applications. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 26(7), 567-577. Kok, A. (2022). Cognitive control, motivation and fatigue: A cognitive neuroscience perspective. Brain and Cognition, 160, 105880. -- Don't forget to subscribe to this channel: @senseofmindshow And check out the podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/sense-of-mind/id1603691298 Patreon link: https://www.patreon.com/senseofmind Follow Sense of Mind on instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sense.ofmind/ -- All graphics and images obtained from scientific articles have been credited in the video and/or in the above list of references. All are licensed under either CC BY 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en_US) or CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en_US)
Wikipedia images: All wikipedia images have been credited in the video and all are licensed under either CC BY 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en_US) or CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en_US)
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You are a living organism. That’s obvious, but this simple fact helps explain one of the most profoundly important aspects of your life: your emotions. In fact, it teaches you how to control your emotions.
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Chapters:
00:00 Why does biology matter for emotion regulation?
00:45 Homeostasis and Homeostatic Emotions
03:04 Interoception: Conduit Between Brain and Body
07:05 Feelings, Emotions, and Thoughts Defined
09:58 Why you feel emotions in your body
14:00 The Joy of Learning
15:28 Why emotions are sometimes unhelpful
16:00 The 2 Fundamental Emotion Regulation Strategies
16:17 3 Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies (thought-based)
18:10 3 Feelings-Based Emotion Regulation Strategies
20:39 The Key: Know Thyself--
Sources:
- Schiller, D., Alessandra, N. C., Alia-Klein, N., Becker, S., Cromwell, H. C., Dolcos, F., ... & Soreq, H. (2024). The human affectome. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 158, 105450.
- Kobylińska, D., & Kusev, P. (2019). Flexible emotion regulation: How situational demands and individual differences influence the effectiveness of regulatory strategies. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 72.
- Feldman, M. J., Bliss-Moreau, E., & Lindquist, K. A. (2024). The neurobiology of interoception and affect. Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
- Craig, Arthur Dewitt. "Interoception and emotion: a neuroanatomical perspective." Handbook of emotions 4th ed. (2016).
- Barrett, L. F. (2017). The theory of constructed emotion: an active inference account of interoception and categorization. Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, 12(1), 1-23.
- Davis, K. L., & Montag, C. (2019). Selected principles of Pankseppian affective neuroscience. Frontiers in neuroscience, 12, 1025.
--
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Wikipedia images: All wikipedia images have been credited in the video and all are licensed under either CC BY 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en_US) or CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en_US)
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Happiness is not always easy. Yet, there are tangible skills we can build that will make it easier. If we give some time to fostering awareness, focus, and our capacity for connection, it is likely that our lives will get better.
This livestream was originally aired live only for Patreon supporters of Sense of Mind. Patreon supporters also get access to an exclusive written blog post version of this video. If you'd like to get access to future livestreams as well as exclusive blog posts and videos, go to https://www.patreon.com/senseofmind.
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Chapters:
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The paper:
Dahl, C. J., Wilson-Mendenhall, C. D., & Davidson, R. J. (2020). The plasticity of well-being: A training-based framework for the cultivation of human flourishing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(51), 32197-32206.
Something fascinating is happening as you listen to this episode. You are effortlessly converting a series of sounds into meaningful thoughts. To do that, your brain has to take a sound wave and somehow extract from it a specific message that I’m trying to convey to you right now. We rarely stop to think about how weird language is. It’s even rarer that we ask ourselves how our brains do any of that.
In this episode, we’ll talk about all this while exploring some of the neuroscience of language.
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#neuroscience #language #brainscience
What makes life good or bad? One answer to that question is that positive and negative feelings are at the core of happiness and its opposite. That leads to the question of what feelings are and how the brain produces them.
In this video, I’m going to discuss a fascinating paper published in February 2024 about the neuroscience of bodily and emotional feelings. The paper is called “The Neurobiology of Interoception and Affect,” by Mallory J. Feldman, Eliza Bliss-Moreau, and Kristen A. Lindquist, published in the journal Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
This livestream was originally aired live only for Patreon supporters of Sense of Mind. Patreon supporters also get access to an exclusive written blog post version of this video. If you'd like to get access to future livestreams as well as exclusive blog posts and videos, go to https://www.patreon.com/senseofmind.
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The paper:
Feldman, M. J., Bliss-Moreau, E., & Lindquist, K. A. (2024). The neurobiology of interoception and affect. Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38395706/
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In this episode, we discuss the neuroscience of time, music, free will, emotions, memory, the self, and what we've learned from our research on these topics. If you’re reading this, then you’re watching the public version of this video, so if you want to watch the second half, go to https://www.patreon.com/thesocialbrain and sign up for the “Premium” tier. You’ll get access to every exclusive Patreon-only episode of The Social Brain!
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#neuroscience #time #brain
Many of us take evolution for granted, but over the years I've received many comments from people who doubt whether it's true. In this episode, I'll describe the logic of and major evidence for the theory of evolution by natural selection.
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This livestream was originally aired live only for Patreon supporters of Sense of Mind. If you'd like to get access to future livestreams as well as exclusive blog posts, go to https://www.patreon.com/senseofmind.
_
Chapters:
00:00 Why do we believe what we do?
08:19 The Logic, Mechanism, and Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection
21:36 Caveats and Objections to Evolutionary Theory
34:48 The 4 Main Categories of Evidence
35:09 1) The Fossil Record
45:06 2) Direct Observation
49:02 3) Biogeography
53:04 4) Genetics
1:00:21 Other Categories of Evidence
1:03:15 Artificial Selection (selective breeding)
1:06:17 Countering Young Earth Creationism
_
Sources:
Coyne, J. A. (2009). Why evolution is true. Viking.
Darwin, C. (1859). On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life.
Dennis, M. Y., Nuttle, X., Sudmant, P. H., Antonacci, F., Graves, T. A., Nefedov, M., ... & Eichler, E. E. (2012). Evolution of human-specific neural SRGAP2 genes by incomplete segmental duplication. Cell, 149(4), 912-922.
Freedman, A. H., & Wayne, R. K. (2017). Deciphering the origin of dogs: From fossils to genomes. Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, 5(1), 281-307.
Leakey, L. S., Tobias, P. V., & Napier, J. R. (1964). A new species of the genus Homo from Olduvai Gorge. Nature, 202(4927), 7-9.
Li, Y., Zhang, G., & Cui, J. (2022). Origin and deep evolution of human endogenous retroviruses in pan-primates. Viruses, 14(7), 1370.
Moorjani, P., Amorim, C. E. G., Arndt, P. F., & Przeworski, M. (2016). Variation in the molecular clock of primates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(38), 10607-10612.
Reece, J. B., Urry, L. A., Cain, M. L., Wasserman, S. A., Minorsky, P. V., & Jackson, R. B. (2014). Chapters 22-25. In Campbell biology (10th ed.). Pearson.
Shubin, N. (2008). Your inner fish: A journey into the 3.5-billion-year history of the human body. Pantheon Books.
Music is clearly an important aspect of what it means to be human. It seems to have deep evolutionary roots, possibly even being the precursor to language. It seems to bond us together with other people, which may have conferred survival benefits to our prehistoric ancestors. And it impacts our brain like nothing else. For example, music has been shown to evoke emotions through unique neural pathways. Not only that, but music has also been found to help treat certain symptoms of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
In this episode, we explore music from a neuroscientific and evolutionary angle.
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We've all experienced the exhaustion of mental fatigue. If you work long enough and hard enough on a cognitively demanding task, you'll eventually lose motivation and focus. Worse yet, burnout is right around the corner. This video is a deep dive into the neuroscience of mental fatigue and how to stay motivated.
If you value my work, please support it by going to https://www.patreon.com/senseofmind
(If you do, you'll also get exclusive videos, livestreams, and blog posts!)
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Sources:
- Kok, A. (2022). Cognitive control, motivation and fatigue: A cognitive neuroscience perspective. Brain and Cognition, 160, 105880.
- Qi, P., Ru, H., Gao, L., Zhang, X., Zhou, T., Tian, Y., ... & Sun, Y. (2019). Neural mechanisms of mental fatigue revisited: New insights from the brain connectome. Engineering, 5(2), 276-286.
- Monosov, I. E., Haber, S. N., Leuthardt, E. C., & Jezzini, A. (2020). Anterior cingulate cortex and the control of dynamic behavior in primates. Current Biology, 30(23), R1442-R1454.
- Klein-Flügge, M. C., Bongioanni, A., & Rushworth, M. F. (2022). Medial and orbital frontal cortex in decision-making and flexible behavior. Neuron.
- Boksem, M. A., & Tops, M. (2008). Mental fatigue: costs and benefits. Brain research reviews, 59(1), 125-139.
--
Timestamps:
00:00 What is mental fatigue?
00:50 How mental fatigue affects brain networks
04:05 What causes mental fatigue?
05:20 The role of dopamine in mental fatigue
07:12 The potential role of serotonin
08:23 Hunger and mental fatigue
10:30 Neuroeconomics, decision making, & mental fatigue
10:48 The vmPFC and ventral striatum in valuation, pleasure, and learning
12:01 The role of the anterior insula, amygdala, and periaqueductal grey
13:50 The ACC integrates potential costs and benefits
16:45 How does the brain's cost/benefit analysis feed into behavior?
18:52 Step 1: Good Nutrition and Sleep
20:52 Step 2: Take Breaks
21:15 Step 3: Consider Costs and Benefits
22:38 Step 4: Stress Management Techniques
24:16 Mental fatigue is unavoidable but...
--
All graphics and images obtained from scientific articles have been credited in the video and/or in the above list of references.
Wikipedia images: All wikipedia images have been credited in the video and all are licensed under either CC BY 3.0
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en_US) or CC BY 4.0
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en_US)
All B-roll comes from either https://www.storyblocks.com/ (using the appropriate purchased license) or from https://www.pexels.com/
All other images are property of Andrew Cooper-Sansone
Time is a limited resource and, in some ways, it’s our only resource in life. But what is time and why does it seem to flow at the rate it does? Why is it that our subjective sense of time can change so dramatically depending on the situation and our state of mind? How does the brain measure and experience time?
In this episode, we will explore these questions from a neuroscientific angle and come to some mind-boggling conclusions both about the nature of time and how our brains work.
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Thoughts may be the most important content of our mental lives. Thoughts are unobservable and seemingly intangible, yet they determine what we do and therefore how our lives go. In this episode, I explore the neuroscience of human thinking.
This livestream was originally aired live only for Patreon supporters of Sense of Mind. If you'd like to get access to future livestreams as well as exclusive blog posts, go to https://www.patreon.com/senseofmind.
Timestamps:
00:00 What are thoughts?
03:20 The neuroscience of thought is young
04:00 Externally and Internally Generated Thought
06:45 The role of attention in thought
07:17 Spontaneous thought
09:35 External thought and the frontoparietal control system
11:20 Internal thought and the default mode network (DMN)
13:30 Social cognition and the DMN
17:10 Spatial working memory, vivid detailed thought, and the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)
19:50 The context dependent nature of thought
22:15 The salience network as a switch between DMN and FPN
26:20 The potential role of hippocampal sharp wave ripples in spontaneous thought
28:46 Sensory systems in thought
29:35 Working memory in thinking (and corticostriatal memory gating)
32:14 Valuation, the anterior cingulate, orbitofrontal cortex, & ventral striatum
34:05 Language and human thinking
37:28 Feelings and other influences on thought
39:44 What do you think?
--
Sources:
Smallwood, J., Turnbull, A., Wang, H. T., Ho, N. S., Poerio, G. L., Karapanagiotidis, T., ... & Jefferies, E. (2021). The neural correlates of ongoing conscious thought. Iscience, 24(3).
Kucyi, A., Kam, J. W., Andrews-Hanna, J. R., Christoff, K., & Whitfield-Gabrieli, S. (2023). Recent advances in the neuroscience of spontaneous and off-task thought: implications for mental health. Nature mental health, 1(11), 827-840.
In this episode of The Social Brain, we discuss human brain evolution and development, and what we've learned from our research into these topics.
The first half of this episode is available for everyone, but if you want to see the whole episode, sign up for The Social Brain's Patreon page at the Premium tier: https://www.patreon.com/thesocialbrain
(Please note that this is separate from Sense of Mind's Patreon page, because Taylor and I share the revenue from The Social Brain's page.)
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Please support this channel by signing up for Sense of Mind's Patreon and get bonus content every month: https://www.patreon.com/senseofmind You'll get:
- Exclusive videos
- Access to exclusive monthly livestreams
- Written (blog post) versions of all new videos, including this one!
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#neuroscience #brainevolution #evolution
Resilience is not just about how your brain withstands adversity, but also how it becomes stronger as a result. This is a deep dive into the neuroscience of resilience and science-based strategies for how to build resilience.
If you want to get exclusive videos, blog posts, and livestreams AND help me keep creating videos like this one, please sign up for Sense of Mind's Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/senseofmind
Sources:
I want to make sure to credit a 2020 review article called "An affective neuroscience model of boosting resilience in adults" by Golnaz Tabibnia published in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. However, there were 39 other sources used for this video (too many to fit into this description!) so if you'd like to see a full list of sources used for this video, click here:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1dS3C5TxZZGFO8GD6PxRDaJ9biNPLwPPr7nU2Mj-erhA/edit?usp=sharing
Chapters:
00:00 From failure to success
00:33 Step 1: Control Negative Emotions
01:04 The Brain’s “Distress” System
03:22 Interoception and emotion
04:35 How the brain regulates negative emotions
05:38 Emotion Regulation Strategies
06:55 Learned Helplessness
10:10 Step 2: Enhance Your Mindset
10:50 The Dopamine System
11:42 The Mesolimbic Dopamine Pathway
12:20 The Mesocortical Dopamine Pathway
12:44 The Nigrostriatal Pathway
13:32 Reward, Stress, Pleasure, Dopamine, and Opioids
15:46 Broaden and Build Theory (& Positive Psychology)
17:03 Positive Psychology and Optimism
18:28 The Looking Forward Tool
19:41 Gratitude Journaling
19:59 Three Good Things Exercise
20:59 Sense of Purpose and Resilience
21:40 How to Cultivate a Sense of Purpose
24:03 Growth Mindset and the Brain
26:52 Step 3: Improve Your Health
27:12 Exercise, Resilience, and the Brain
29:48 Sleep, Resilience, and the Brain
32:20 Cognitive Flexibility and Resilience
--
All graphics and images obtained from scientific articles have been credited in the video and/or in the above list of references.
Wikipedia images: All wikipedia images have been credited in the video and all are licensed under either CC BY 3.0
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All B-roll comes from either
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All other images are property of Andrew Cooper-Sansone
The adolescent brain is often characterized as an imbalanced, hormone-charged, and broken version of an adult brain. The reality, however, is much more nuanced and interesting. Adolescence is a critically important period of brain development that allows for rapid learning, social affiliation, and exploration. It's found in many species across the animal kingdom and it serves an extremely important purpose.
Join us in this episode of The Social Brain, as we discuss brain development through the lens of adolescence.
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Right now, you are in possession of the most complex thing in the known universe: Your brain. The question is, how could this amazingly advanced biological computer have come about through natural forces? In this episode of The Social Brain, we’re traveling hundreds of millions of years into the past to answer that question. We’ll describe in broad strokes the evolution of single celled organisms all the way to the most intelligent creatures on the planet.
#evolution #brain #neuroscience
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In this livestream, I discuss the science of habits. Habits are automatic behaviors formed through repetition, shifting from conscious actions mediated by the frontal cortex to automatic processes controlled by the basal ganglia, with minimal cognitive effort. Initially requiring deliberate thought, actions become habitual through a cue-behavior-reward loop, significantly influenced by dopamine's role in reinforcing behaviors via reward prediction. While habits can be beneficial or detrimental, understanding the neuroscience behind habit formation and the brain's neuroplasticity offers insights into changing behaviors, emphasizing the potential for modifying even ingrained habits through targeted efforts.
This livestream was originally aired live only for Patreon supporters of Sense of Mind. If you'd like to get access to future livestreams as well as exclusive blog posts, go to https://www.patreon.com/senseofmind.
Sources:
Wood, W., Mazar, A., & Neal, D. T. (2022). Habits and goals in human behavior: Separate but interacting systems. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 17(2), 590-605.
Malvaez, M. (2020). Neural substrates of habit. Journal of neuroscience research, 98(6), 986-997.
Verplanken, B., & Orbell, S. (2022). Attitudes, habits, and behavior change. Annual review of psychology, 73, 327-352.
Duhigg, C. (2012). The power of habit: Why we do what we do in life and business (Vol. 34, No. 10). Random House.
Clear, J. (2018). Atomic habits: An easy & proven way to build good habits & break bad ones. Penguin.
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In this episode, we discuss the serotonin system, its role in depression, psychedelic drugs, SSRIs, growth mindset, and what we've learned from our research on these topics.
If you’re reading this, then you’re watching the public version of this video, so if you want to watch the second half, go to https://www.patreon.com/thesocialbrain and sign up for the “Premium” tier. You’ll get access to every exclusive Patreon-only episode of The Social Brain!
Intro and outro music credits:Floating by Alex-Productions | https://onsound.eu/Music promoted by https://www.free-stock-music.comCreative Commons / Attribution 3.0 Unported License (CC BY 3.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en_US
To form good habits and break bad ones, you have to rewire your brain’s dopamine system. In this episode, I'll explain how to do that by talking about how you can create healthier habits around sleep.
00:00 Step 1
03:00 Step 2
04:26 Step 3
07:00 How to ACTUALLY change your habits
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The dramatic increase in depression diagnoses has led millions to use antidepressants, based on the theory that a chemical imbalance--namely low serotonin levels--in the brain is to blame. However, recent studies suggest the cause of depression is more complex, challenging the simplicity of this theory. While antidepressants are crucial for many, viewing depression solely as a chemical issue oversimplifies the diverse factors at play, including environmental and personal experiences. This calls for a broader, more nuanced understanding of depression that appreciates the complexity of mental health beyond just biology.
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- Previous Episodes of The Social Brain: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLC92ipyM9i9Ilc6kpe4eer-8PVOfF-jdW
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Creative Commons / Attribution 3.0 Unported License (CC BY 3.0)
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Psychedelics powerfully alter the brain by tapping into the serotonin system. And while these drugs can have lasting negative effects, in clinical studies they’ve been shown to alleviate depression faster than any existing treatment. In this episode, we’ll discuss how psychedelics affect the brain and what the existing literature suggests about their therapeutic potential.
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Help us keep this show alive AND get bonus content by going to: https://www.patreon.com/thesocialbrain
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Related Content:
- Previous Episodes of The Social Brain: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLC92ipyM9i9Ilc6kpe4eer-8PVOfF-jdW
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Please support this channel by signing up for Sense of Mind's Patreon and get bonus content every month: https://www.patreon.com/senseofmind You'll get:
- Access to exclusive monthly livestreams
- Written (blog post) versions of all new videos, including this one!
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Don't forget to subscribe to this channel: @senseofmindshow
And check out the podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/sense-of-mind/id1603691298
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Intro and outro music credits:
Floating by Alex-Productions | https://onsound.eu/
Music promoted by https://www.free-stock-music.com
Creative Commons / Attribution 3.0 Unported License (CC BY 3.0)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en_US