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The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
ISSCR
41 episodes
6 days ago
The role of neuronal influences on cancer pathogenesis and progression is increasingly appreciated in the nervous system. Neurons have been shown to enhance the proliferation and migration of gliomas, a glial-derived tumor of the CNS, via diffusible paracrine factors or synaptic inputs onto tumor cells. In glioblastomas, a highly aggressive glioma, mostly glutamatergic inputs have been identified. While the potential for glioblastomas to receive projections from neurons of other neurotransmit...
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Life Sciences
Science
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The role of neuronal influences on cancer pathogenesis and progression is increasingly appreciated in the nervous system. Neurons have been shown to enhance the proliferation and migration of gliomas, a glial-derived tumor of the CNS, via diffusible paracrine factors or synaptic inputs onto tumor cells. In glioblastomas, a highly aggressive glioma, mostly glutamatergic inputs have been identified. While the potential for glioblastomas to receive projections from neurons of other neurotransmit...
Show more...
Life Sciences
Science
Episodes (20/41)
The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Stem Cells in Space: Muscle Regeneration in Microgravity
Skeletal muscle is one of the most abundant tissues in the human body, representing approximately 40% of body weight. Under certain circumstances, skeletal muscle can be regenerated through satellite cells, a reservoir of quiescent muscle stem cells, that can be activated with injury or in certain diseases and give rise to newly formed multi-nucleated myotubes and myofibers. However, the regenerative potential of muscle is diminished or is completely absent in the course of normal aging, cert...
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1 month ago
39 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Parkinson's Disease, Cell Therapy, and Exercise
The potential of pluripotent stem cells and the ability to scale and differentiate them to generate large numbers of enriched cell populations has created new opportunities and approaches to treat human disease. Preclinical proof-of-principle data demonstrates that stem cell-derived neural grafts can be used to reverse symptoms of multiple neurological conditions, including Parkinson’s Disease. Cell grafts enriched with dopaminergic neurons, can structurally and functionally integrate in the ...
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3 months ago
38 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Leaving an Imprint: The Function, Impact, and Detection of Epigenetic Marks
Parent-specific epigenetic marks (imprints) leading to parent-specific gene expression are crucial for normal growth and development, yet their mechanisms of establishment and maintenance are not fully understood. In humans, approximately 200 imprinted genes have been discovered, and improper imprinting can manifest in growth restriction, obesity, intellectual disabilities, behavioral abnormalities, and an increased risk of certain cancers. While the use of pluripotent stem cells, especially ...
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4 months ago
54 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Don’t Dull the SPARCL: The Lung Microvasculature and its Role in Development
The mature lung in both humans and mice is highly vascularized, with approximately 30% of all cells being endothelial cells (ECs). The blood vessels have a physiological role in gas exchange within the tissue, but the vascular cells have additional role(s) beyond supplying oxygen and nutrients to the tissue. For example, the adult lung endothelium responds to injury by activating pathways for alveolar re epithelialization and during embryonic development, disrupting vascularization ex v...
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4 months ago
43 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
A Look Into the Future of Stem Cell Reports: A Conversation with Janet Rossant
In this special edition of the podcast, we will talk with the new Editor-in-Chief Janet Rossant and hear about her vision for the journal, its promising future, and what she sees as some of the exciting prospects over the horizon for stem cell research. We will also talk with Yvonne Fisher, the journal’s Managing Editor, and Jack Mosher of the ISSCR, about the evolution of the journal and its role in the Society. GuestsJanet Rossant is the new Editor-in-Chief of Stem Cell Reports. She holds a...
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7 months ago
57 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
SeqVerify: A New Easily Accessible Tool for Comprehensive Cell Line Quality Assessment
During the last decade, advances in genome editing and pluripotent stem cell (PSC) culture have let researchers generate edited PSC lines to study a wide variety of biological questions. However, abnormalities in cell lines such as aneuploidy, mutations, on-target and off-target editing errors, and microbial contamination can arise during PSC culture or due to undesired editing outcomes. To ensure valid experimental results and the safety of PSC-derived therapeutics, it is important to detect...
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8 months ago
34 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Guidelines for Managing and Using the Digital Phenotypes of Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines
The ability of human pluripotent and somatic stem cells to differentiate into multiple cell types of the human body makes them uniquely useful to model human development and disease. As a result, these cells are shared, edited, and differentiated by laboratories across the world for basic research, clinical translation, and commercial applications. Large and genotypically diverse collections of pluripotent stem cells are being generated to support large cohort-scale research into conditions s...
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9 months ago
53 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
PSC Developmental Bias: The Mechanism and the Variation in Human Neural Development
Pluripotent stem cells are defined, in part, by their potential to generate cell types from all three embryonic germ layers. However, it is well known within the field that there is variability in developmental potential between cell lines. This phenomenon, sometimes referred to as lineage bias, is manifest in a variable response of individual cell lines to induction of differentiation into a specific germ layer lineage. Although lineage bias in pluripotent stem cells has been reported for so...
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9 months ago
42 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Aging, Stem Cells, and Biological Clocks
Epigenetic clocks based on tissue DNA methylation analysis have emerged as robust and powerful biomarkers of aging. This technology has allowed scientists to investigate how diseases affect the aging process, to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic aging interventions, and to correlate age with overall health among the general public. Today you can even purchase test kits online that enable you to measure your own biological age. However, despite the growing use of epigenetic...
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11 months ago
39 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Evaluating the Expanding Models of Brain Disease
Those who study neurological diseases and their underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms have a number of scientific models at their disposal. In vivo animal models, particularly those bearing targeted genetic modifications, remain the gold standard, especially when it comes to assessment of behavioral readouts and neurobiological disease mechanisms in vivo. Historically, animal models have been widely used for preclinical validation of drug efficacy and safety. Increasingly there i...
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1 year ago
51 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Going Out on a LIM: Rethinking the Role of LMX1A in Patterning Dopaminergic Neurons
This episode of The Stem Cell Report will discuss the process of directing stem cells to acquire the proper identity, an essential step in the development of effective and durable cell replacement therapies. Specifically, we will talk about the process of directing cells into a ventral mesencephalic dopaminergic fate for treating Parkinson’s disease. GuestsAgnete Kirkeby is an Associate Professor in the Department of Neuroscience at the University of Copenhagen, a Principal Investigator ...
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1 year ago
30 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
No Oligo Monopoly: Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells in the Developing Cortex
Myelination is one of the last events during mammalian brain development and is thought to continue into young adulthood in humans. Even in adulthood, ongoing low-level myelination is essential for neural homeostasis, and for dynamic processes such as learning and memory. Deficits in myelination resulting in abnormal white matter and disruption of neuronal function are observed in a wide variety of disorders of the CNS. One strategy for alleviating these deficits is to enhance the genesis of ...
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1 year ago
37 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Enhancing Connections: Rebuilding Neural Circuits in Spinal Cord Injury
Biomedical researchers have long sought ways to repair spinal cord damage with the holy grail of the pursuit being the reconstitution of lost function. In the mid 1990’s with the successful culture of human embryonic stem cells, and about a decade later induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), the field was energized with a potential new approach to replace the lost neurons and glia cells and restoring neural connections. In the decades since that discovery some progress has been made, h...
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1 year ago
24 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Climbing the Scientific Mountain of Retinal Regeneration
Collectively, retinal degenerative disorders are a major cause of blindness worldwide. For example, one of the most common disorders is age related macular degeneration, which alone affects nearly 200 million globally. In humans, and other mammals, the loss of the retinal cells is an irreversible process. However, in some non-mammalian vertebrates like frogs and fish, retinal neurons can regenerate. This process is dependent upon Müller glia, which can re-enter the cell cycle and reprogr...
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1 year ago
43 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Human Fetal Tissue: A Legacy of Biomedical Research Contributions
Since the 1930’s research using human fetal tissue has been used in numerous scientific and medical advances that have saved millions of lives, including the development of vaccines and treatments for diseases. Despite its substantial contribution to medicine and science, significant public debate and misinformation persists surrounding the ethical use of human fetal tissue in biomedical research. The ISSCR, led by its Public Policy Committee, have been tireless champions and advocates ...
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1 year ago
37 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
The Selling of Stem Cells
This November marks the 25th anniversary of the successful isolation and culture of human embryonic stem cells by Jamie Thompson. This breakthrough was a turning point in biomedical research. This discovery provided scientists with a limitless source of human cells to understand human biology and model disease. The discovery also provided a novel pathway to develop tissues and cells that could potentially be used to provide curative diseases like diabetes and Parkinson’s, among others. ...
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1 year ago
48 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Setting the Standards for Human Stem Cell Research
Human stem cell technology has led to remarkable insights into human biology in health and disease. However, for the results and outputs from this research to be accurate, meaningful, and durable, it is important that the field have agreed upon standards that ensure reproducibility and reliability of the data. The International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) has developed a set of recommendations, including reporting criteria, for scientists in basic research laboratories. These crite...
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1 year ago
52 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Organoids: Multi-Dimensional Standards for Three Dimensional Models
The use of organoids as an experimental system is rapidly advancing in pace and complexity. Derived from pluripotent or tissue stem cells, organoids are three-dimensional, in vitro, structures intended to model functional or developmental aspects of in vivo organs. They are also being used to model complex physiological systems in organ-on-chip devices and in assembloids, the combination of organoids from different tissues. Organoids are especially useful to model and understand aspects of hu...
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2 years ago
38 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
Brushing Up on Tooth Biology: New Tools for Understanding Tooth Development
While teeth have evolved over millions of years, scientists are still working to understand how teeth develop, a process formally known as Odontogenesis. Our guests today have developed a new model of mouse tooth development using long-term expandable 3D tooth organoids from postnatal mouse molars and incisors. This novel mouse model provides a valuable tool to study mouse tooth dental epithelial stem cells, dental epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, and differentiation processes, while allo...
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2 years ago
54 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
The Satellite View: Muscle Stem Cells and Muscle Disease
Over the last 10 years of Stem Cell Reports, the journal has published nearly 2,000 papers across the breadth of stem cell research. In this special episode of the podcast, we are celebrating the anniversary of the journal by talking with the authors from some of the most highly cited publications in the journal's history.The guests on this episode of the podcast have collective expertise that makes them the “dream team” of muscle stem cell biology and its application to treat disease. ...
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2 years ago
35 minutes

The Stem Cell Report with Janet Rossant
The role of neuronal influences on cancer pathogenesis and progression is increasingly appreciated in the nervous system. Neurons have been shown to enhance the proliferation and migration of gliomas, a glial-derived tumor of the CNS, via diffusible paracrine factors or synaptic inputs onto tumor cells. In glioblastomas, a highly aggressive glioma, mostly glutamatergic inputs have been identified. While the potential for glioblastomas to receive projections from neurons of other neurotransmit...