Artificial intelligence now influences decisions in health, justice, and finance. In this episode of inSUBSTANTIA, Gabor Farkas speaks with Mariana de la Roche Wills, Co Chair of INATBA’s AI and Blockchain Convergences Task Force and leader at BlackVogel. They explore how blockchain can enhance trust, transparency, and accountability in AI, the limits of decentralisation, and why human oversight remains essential.
🎙️ Blockchain and AI. Trust, fairness, and accountability with Mariana de la Roche Wills
Artificial intelligence now shapes decisions that affect real lives, from healthcare to criminal justice. How do we make sure these systems remain transparent, fair, and accountable. Can blockchain, often described as a trust machine, help us achieve that, or does it create new risks of its own.
In this episode of inSUBSTANTIA, Gabor Farkas speaks with Mariana de la Roche Wills, Co Chair of INATBA’s AI and Blockchain Convergences Task Force and leader at BlackVogel. Drawing from her background in law, human rights, and digital governance, Mariana explores how these two transformative technologies converge in practice, and what it takes to align them with human values.
💡 In this conversation
• How blockchain could enhance transparency and accountability in high stakes AI
• The paradox of privacy and traceability under GDPR
• Governance in decentralised systems and the limits of democracy in code
• Environmental impact and tokenisation beyond greenwashing
• Equity, inclusion, and the risk of digital colonialism
• Why human oversight must remain central in automated systems
⚙️ Editorial note
A technical issue affected the start of the recording. The introduction and Mariana’s first response were re recorded, so you may notice a small difference in tone at the beginning.
🎧 inSUBSTANTIA. Exploring ideas, challenging assumptions.
Platforms, Power, and Purpose
In Part 2 of this two-part conversation, we shift our focus to Building Bridges as a platform: its role within Geneva’s global landscape, the challenges of multistakeholder governance, and the ethical tensions that arise when finance, diplomacy, and development intersect.
Karen Hitschke reflects on what it means to hold space for collaboration across sectors and worldviews, and how that work is being reshaped by shifting geopolitics, decentralised technologies, and rising global inequality.
We discuss:
• The evolving role of Switzerland and Geneva in sustainable finance
• The structure and long-term vision of Building Bridges
• The fine line between convening and influencing
• The power dynamics that shape development conversations
• The importance of staying anchored in values when working across asymmetries
This episode is about institutions, but also about intentionality, what it takes to build credibility in a world where trust is increasingly fragile.
A Life in Systems Thinking
In Part 1 of this two-part conversation, Karen Hitschke, CEO of Building Bridges, shares the personal and professional journey that shaped her leadership.
From childhood experiences during the Cold War and the Ethiopian famine, to a career in biology, consulting, venture capital, and impact investing.
We explore:
• The values that shaped her worldview
• The pivotal moments that redirected her career path
• How she came to lead one of Geneva’s most ambitious sustainability platforms
• The founding story and guiding ethos behind Building Bridges
This is a conversation about systems thinking, humility, and the power of convening across difference — told through a life lived at the intersection of science, finance, and social purpose.
🎧 Part 2 explores Building Bridges as a platform: its governance, global role, and the ethical tensions it must navigate as it grows.
#KarenHitschke #BuildingBridges #inSUBSTANTIA #Leadership #SustainableFinance #SystemsChange
🎙️ What does circular economy really mean, beyond the green slogans? ♻️
In this conversation, Gabor and Dr Phillip Wallat cut through the buzz to explore why turning circular theory into practice is messy, political, and full of trade-offs.
✨ What you’ll hear:
This episode isn’t a celebration of circularity as a cure-all. It’s a candid look at the blind spots, cultural barriers, and hard questions we must confront if circular economy is to be more than a marketing slogan.
Europe and China remain deeply connected yet increasingly cautious of each other. In this second part of our conversation, intercultural leadership consultant Gabor Holch joins me to explore the political, economic and technological dimensions shaping EU–China relations today.
We begin with technology as one of the sharpest areas of strategic friction — the Huawei controversy, Apple’s role, and the rise of competing ecosystems. From there, we look at Europe’s balancing act between the United States and China, and the contrast between business leaders who quietly maintain engagement and politicians who signal disengagement.
The conversation also uncovers how mistrust is fuelled by restricted access, competing narratives and historical memory, while pointing to opportunities for cooperation in climate action, education, ageing societies and smart cities. Above all, we reflect on how empathy, curiosity and cultural agility can help bridge divides and foster trust between East and West.
About the guest
Gabor Holch is an intercultural leadership consultant, coach, author and speaker with more than two decades of experience in East Asia. His latest book explores the rise and evolution of foreign executives in China:
📚 Dragon Suit: The Golden Age of Expatriate Executives in China
🌐 Learn more: http://www.eastwestleadership.com
📖 Book page: http://www.dragonsuit.info/
▶️ Explore more on Gabor Holch’s YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@GaborHolch
We also talk about the books Apple in China by Patrick McGee and House of Huawei by Eva Dou
About the podcast
inSUBSTANTIA is produced in Geneva, Switzerland. It offers something most experts crave but rarely get, the chance to think out loud, connect knowledge to deeper philosophical or ethical terrain and explore ideas beyond headlines.
Europe and China are deeply interdependent yet increasingly uncertain about each other. In this first part of a two‑part conversation, intercultural leadership consultant Gabor Holch joins Gabor Farkas to explore the cultural and historical dynamics shaping EU and China relations.
We discuss Holch’s personal journey from diplomacy to more than two decades of consulting in China. We examine how cultural mindsets such as conflict tolerance, flexibility in agreements and the influence of historical memory shape negotiation, leadership and trust between East and West. These insights offer a different lens on today’s geopolitical landscape, including Europe’s cautious disengagement, China’s uneasy alignment with Russia and projects like the Budapest to Belgrade railway.
Part 2 focuses on the political, economic and technological dimensions of EU and China relations.
About the guest
Gabor Holch is an intercultural leadership consultant, coach, author and speaker with more than two decades of experience in East Asia. His latest book explores the rise and evolution of foreign executives in China:
Dragon Suit: The Golden Age of Expatriate Executives in China
Learn more about Gabor Holch and his work:
🌐 Website – http://www.eastwestleadership.com
📖 Book page – http://www.dragonsuit.info/
We also talk about the books Apple in China by Patrick McGee and House of Huawei by Eva Dou
About the podcast
inSUBSTANTIA is produced in Geneva, Switzerland. It offers something most experts crave but rarely get, the chance to think out loud, connect knowledge to deeper philosophical or ethical terrain and explore ideas beyond headlines.
Brigadier General (Res.) Dr Salvador Sánchez Tapia joins Gabor for a deep dive into Europe’s Readiness 2030 plan, the challenges of defence rearmament, and the balance between NATO reliance and strategic autonomy. They discuss historical context, political divisions, industrial capacity, and the ethical dimensions of civil–military relations in a shifting global order.
In this episode of inSUBSTANTIA, host Gabor Farkas speaks with Eric Heinze, Professor of Law and Humanities at Queen Mary University of London, about the complex and often contentious role of free speech in democratic societies.
Their conversation explores the philosophical and historical roots of free expression, including Karl Popper’s famous paradox of tolerance. ex
Heinze contrasts US and European approaches to free speech law, examines the disruptive influence of digital platforms, and considers the growing threat of misinformation. He argues for distinguishing between regulating individual users and overseeing powerful tech platforms, calling for more nuanced regulatory frameworks.
The episode also reflects on polarising events, such as the January 6 Capitol riots, and the evolving role of social media in shaping public discourse.
Throughout, Heinze champions counter-speech and the creation of alternative platforms as vital tools for improving the quality of democratic debate.
Continuing our conversation with Adam Kahane, Part 2 explores practical strategies for conflict resolution. Learn how to implement exercises like 'paired walks' to build empathy, understand the balance of power, love, and justice, and embrace tension as a catalyst for growth. Adam also discusses navigating unexpected outcomes in facilitation and challenging the status quo. This episode offers valuable insights into fostering genuine collaboration and driving systemic change.
In this insightful conversation, Gabor Farkas sits down with Adam Kahane, a renowned author and facilitator known for his work on resolving complex conflicts. Kahane discusses his career, starting from his unexpected journey at Royal Dutch Shell to his pivotal involvement in South Africa's historic dialogues. The conversation delves into his new book, 'Everyday Habits for Transforming Systems,' focusing on the idea of 'stretch collaboration.' Kahane emphasizes the importance of approaching disagreements as opportunities for progress and explains the evolving nature of his work in facilitation. He shares personal anecdotes, such as his transformative experience with the Mont Fleur Scenario Project and his methodology of facilitating multi-stakeholder dialogues. Kahane also reflects on the nuances of neutrality, trust, and agreement in conflict resolution, emphasising the power of incremental progress and understanding one's role within the system. The dialogue concludes with a teaser for the next episode, promising practical tips and deeper dives into the concepts of power, love, and justice in systemic transformation.
In the second part of our compelling conversation with Dr. Ewa Lombard, we delve into the nuances of decision-making and collective action. We uncover how peer pressure can significantly impact our choices, and explore creative methods like hackathons to encourage long-term thinking. We also debate the effectiveness of different messaging strategies, particularly in climate change advocacy. This episode critically examines the power and pitfalls of collective intelligence, emphasising the necessity of diverse and independent voices within a psychologically safe space. We further consider the future of decision support with a discussion on AI as a potential personal coach, while addressing crucial ethical concerns. Finally, we conclude with a provocative look at the role of testosterone in leadership and the critical importance of gender balance in shaping effective decisions.
In this thought-provoking episode of 'inSUBSTANTIA,' host Gabor Farkas welcomes neuroscientist and behavioural economist Dr Ewa Lombard to unravel the intricate workings of the human brain and its impact on our lives. Part 1 of this two-part conversation takes you on a journey through the dynamics of sustainable decision-making, the powerful influence of emotions and stress, and a discussion on the elusive nature of free will. Dr Lombard also sheds light on how financial incentives drive behaviour, the potential of AI to mitigate cognitive biases, and the crucial role of cultural and psychological factors in long-term thinking. They also touch upon the power of storytelling and the challenges of navigating misinformation in today's digital world.
Abstract
Are we witnessing the erosion of democracy in Europe, or a chance for revitalization? Explore shifting ideologies and global dynamics with Prof. András Bozóki on the latest episode of 'Insubstantia.' A deep dive into the heart of Central and Eastern European political change.
A Changing Definition of Democracy
Recently, I had the privilege of discussing with András Bozóki, a Professor of Political Science at the Central European University.
András Bozóki eloquently examined how real-time global events, such as the Ukraine-Russia conflict and the resurgence of nationalism, are reshaping the essence of democracy. Traditionally viewed as a realm of rational discourse and representative governance, democracy now grapples with the challenge of becoming a spectacle dominated by charismatic personalities and visual media. This transformation raises questions about the future of political science in Europe and the efficacy of traditional democratic structures in addressing contemporary issues.
The Future of Multilateralism in Europe
The discussion also touched upon the future of multilateralism amid growing nationalism and protectionism worldwide. Bozóki highlighted the challenges of building a unified European front capable of addressing such divergences. While the situation appears complex, he expressed optimism about Europe’s potential to collaborate and strengthen its position on the global stage, advocating for a united European army to bolster defense capabilities.
Ukraine: A Pawn or a Sovereign Nation?
In exploring the geopolitical dynamics, Ukraine emerged as a focal point. The notion that Ukraine might become a 'sacrificial lamb' under influence from global powers is alarming. Bozóki emphasized the importance of solidarity with Ukraine, critiquing any strategies that might undermine its sovereignty by turning it into a mere pawn in global politics. He warned against the dangerous alliances that might form if European countries were to distance themselves from traditional ties with the U.S. and seek new partnerships with China or the BRICS nations.
Central and Eastern Europe’s Role in the EU
Bozóki's insights into the role of Central and Eastern Europe in shaping the EU’s future were enlightening. These regions offer a diverse range of political legacies and current realities, from anti-Russian sentiments in Poland to the ambivalent legacies in Hungary. The enduring struggle between democracy and autocracy in these regions significantly impacts EU unity, underscoring the need for strategic collaboration.
Addressing Democratic Backsliding
Bozóki's expertise in democratic backsliding shed light on the internal challenges facing European democracies. The rise of populism and nationalist movements poses a serious threat to liberal democratic values. He argued that addressing these challenges requires grassroots movements and civic education that empower citizens to actively participate in democratic processes. This civic engagement could serve as a counterbalance to populist rhetoric and demagogic tendencies.
Conclusion: A Call for Solidarity and Innovation
In concluding our discussion, András Bozóki stressed the need for a new social contract within the European Union, addressing democratic backsliding, social inequality, and economic disparities. Governments, civil society, and the private sector must work in tandem to create frameworks that adapt to societal shifts and preserve democratic integrity. His insights remind us that navigating the complexities of political transformations requires not only continuous dialogue but also innovative solutions that respect historical legacies while embracing future challenges.
As Europe stands at the crossroads of political transformation, the perspectives shared by Bozóki provide valuable guidance in understanding and addressing the evolving political landscape. His call for solidarity and proactive engagement serves as a roadmap for a united and resilient Europe.
In this episode, Gabor Farkas talks with Sandro Cattacin, a sociology professor at the University of Geneva, about his interdisciplinary approach to research and his engagement to address vulnerabilities and injustices in society. The conversation explores the conditions that spark civic engagement that make people step beyond their individual concerns and commit to something bigger than themselves.
It considers the socio-economic factors influencing civic engagement and the role of heterogeneity and social capital in fostering a responsible and democratic society.
They discuss how history, migration, and policies of assimilation have shaped social attitudes and behaviours, referencing Norbert Elias' civilisation process and the Adam Smith paradox. The discussion also covers the impact of trust in institutions, the importance of public spaces for democracy, and examples of successful civic engagement initiatives. Cattacin emphasises the need for collaborative, innovative responses to societal challenges, especially in the context of increasing authoritarian tendencies and environmental crises.
🎙️ In this episode, Gabor Farkas dives deep with Dr. Federica Russo, a trailblazing philosopher of science, to unravel the powerful intersections of knowledge, technology, and ethics.
Dr. Russo introduces her groundbreaking concept of 'epistemology cum ethics'—the idea that producing knowledge is never neutral but deeply ethical, especially in the world of AI and data science. Together, they explore how AI is reshaping scientific methods, the urgent need to embed ethics into algorithm design, and the ripple effects of machine learning on fairness, accountability, and sustainability.
💡 Key questions they tackle:
From the philosophical to the practical, this conversation takes a hard look at the challenges and responsibilities we face as AI becomes a central force in shaping our world.
In this episode, Gabor Farkas talks with Dr Jennifer Blanke, an economic development expert and former chief economist at the World Economic Forum. They discuss the challenges of meeting urgent global needs while ensuring sustainable and equitable progress. The conversation addresses systemic issues in the current economic model, including climate change, socio-economic inequality, and the need for inclusive financing mechanisms. Dr Blanke shares insights from her career and personal experiences, highlighting the importance of inclusive growth, progressive taxation, universal access to education, and social safety nets. They also explore social enterprise models, innovative financing mechanisms like green bonds, and the critical role of AI in sustainable development. The episode emphasizes the importance of empathy, transparency, and multi-stakeholder collaboration in addressing global economic challenges and ensuring long-term sustainable growth.
In this episode, Gabor Farkas talks with physicist and finance expert Jean-Christophe de Mestral about the global challenge of meeting growing energy demands sustainably.
They discuss the expected growth in global energy demand by 2050, the dominant energy sources, and the limitations of renewable energy.
The conversation also delves into the environmental impact of current energy sources, the potential of nuclear energy, particularly thorium-based reactors, and the work of Transmutex in addressing nuclear waste and energy production. The dialogue emphasizes the need for improved energy storage technologies, international collaboration, and effective communication to overcome resistance to nuclear energy.
Key topics include the sustainability of nuclear energy, the safety of waste management, and the role of thorium in achieving a cleaner and safer energy future.
Switzerland is about to vote on a new government-led electronic identity system. This decision will shape how citizens prove who they are online for years to come.
🗳️ Why does it matter?
Three years ago, Swiss voters rejected a private sector model for eID. The new proposal keeps digital identity in public hands and sets a high bar for privacy, security, and user control.
🎙️ In this episode:
Dr Rolf Rauschenbach from the Federal Office of Justice explains what is at stake in the vote, how the Swiss eID system is designed, and how it compares to digital identity models in other countries.
We discuss why the previous law failed, what has changed, and how the new project balances convenience with individual rights. Topics include adoption, transparency, self-sovereign identity, interoperability with Europe, and the wider impact on democracy and digital transformation.
👥 Who should listen?
If you are in Switzerland or interested in digital identity, privacy, or citizenship, this episode offers a clear overview and a critical look at what the new eID could mean for trust and daily life.
Guest: Dr Rolf Rauschenbach, eID communications officer, Federal Office of Justice.
In this episode, Gabor talks with Dan Davies about how accountability vanishes in our increasingly complex institutions. Why do massive systems routinely make disastrous decisions, and why does no one seem responsible?
Dan Davies draws on his experience in banking regulation and equity research, along with cybernetics and information theory, to explain how feedback loops collapse and decisions emerge from a “black box” that no one owns. They explore how complexity breeds unaccountability, why managers evade responsibility, and what it would take to restore real accountability in an age dominated by industrialized, algorithmic decision-making.
Further Reading & Connection
Book: The Unaccountability Machine: Why Big Systems Make Terrible Decisions – and How the World Lost Its Mind — Profile Books
Dan’s Substack - Back of Mind: Essays on economics, systems, and the crises of modern civilisation → backofmind.substack.com
In this episode of the GEMLabs podcast, we dive into AI governance with consultant Jörn Erbguth. The conversation spans the EU AI Act, highlighting its stages, potential errors, transparency, and intellectual property issues. Delving into ethical, cultural, and regulatory perspectives, the discussion examines the roles of corporations, governments, and the global impact of AI regulation. We also explore the risks and societal implications of AI, such as biometric categorization, facial recognition, and potential job displacement. Key themes include the balance between innovation and regulation, stakeholder responsibilities, and future challenges in AI development.
