Vocabulary:
Nocturnal animals are animals that sleep during the day and are active at night.
Nocturnal is an adjective that means done, occurring, or active at night.
A motif is a repeated pattern—an image, sound, word, or symbol that comes back again and again within a particular story.
A night owl is a person who is habitually active or wakeful at night.
Vertebrae are the small circular bones that form the spine of a human being or animal.
Nature refers to the innate or essential qualities or character of a person or animal.
Vocabulary:
Craftsmanship means skill in a particular craft.
A craft is an activity that involves skill in making things by hand.
The Industrial Revolution was a period of great scientific and technological development that began in Great Britain in the 18th Century, with one of its defining characteristics being the transition from creating goods by hand to creating goods with the use of machines.
A precursor is a person or thing that comes before another of the same kind.
A withy pot is a type of trap made from willow sticks and used for catching crabs and lobsters.
Extinction is the state of being no longer in existence.
Vocabulary:
The Grim Reaper refers to a personification of death in the form of a cloaked skeleton wielding a large scythe.
A side effect is any effect of a drug, chemical, or other medicine that is in addition to its intended effect, especially an effect that is harmful or unpleasant.
A dose is a quantity of a medicine or drug taken or recommended to be taken at a particular time.
The word tolerance refers to a reduced response or diminished sensitivity to a particular substance or stimulus over time, often requiring increased amounts or intensity to achieve the same effects or sensations as initially experienced.
The verb opt means to make a choice from a range of possibilities.
A stimulant is a substance that raises levels of physiological or nervous activity in the body.
Vocabulary:
A siesta is an afternoon rest or nap, especially one taken during the hottest hours of the day in a hot climate.
Dawn is the first appearance of light in the sky before sunrise.
The phrase "to make ends meet" means to earn just enough money to live on.
A stereotype is a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.
A power nap is a short sleep taken during the working day in order to restore one's mental alertness.
Groggy means dazed, weak, or unsteady, especially from illness, intoxication, sleep, or a blow.
Vocabulary:
If you rebrand a product or organisation it means you present it to the public in a new way (e.g. by changing its name or appearance).
A sanction is an official order that limits trade, contact, etc. with a particular country, in order to make it do something, such as obeying international law.
The adjective copycat means copied from someone else's product, design, etc.
If you pledge to do something, you promise in a serious way to do it.
A profiteer is an individual or an organisation that takes advantage of a situation in which other people are suffering, to make a profit.
When an organisation is unable to honour its financial obligations or make payment to its creditors, it files for bankruptcy.
Vocabulary:
Pagpag is the Tagalog term for leftover food from restaurants scavenged from dumps or other waste facilities.
A slum is a highly populated urban residential area consisting of densely packed housing units of weak build quality and often associated with poverty.
A resident is a person who lives somewhere permanently or on a long-term basis.
Being meticulous means showing great attention to detail; very careful and precise.
Foolproof means incapable of going wrong or being misused.
Food poverty is the condition of not having access to sufficient food, or food of adequate quality, to meet one's basic needs.
Vocabulary:
A music festival is an organised event, typically lasting several days, featuring performances by various musicians, singers, and bands.
A lineup is a group of people or things brought together for a particular purpose, especially the members of a sports team or a group of musicians or other entertainers.
The word extortionate is used to describe a price that is extremely expensive and unfair.
The word broadcast means to transmit (a programme or some information) by radio or television.
A facility is a place, amenity, or piece of equipment provided for a particular purpose.
A breeding ground is a place or situation that favours the development or occurrence of something.
Vocabulary:
Tipping is the act of giving an amount of money to someone who has provided a service, especially in a hotel or restaurant.
First-hand means from the original source or personal experience; directly.
A social norm is a socially acceptable or appropriate behaviour in a particular social situation.
Hospitality is the business of providing food, drink, and accommodation for customers of restaurants, bars, etc., or guests at hotels.
Harsh means cruel, severe, or unkind.
Disdain refers to the feeling that someone or something is unworthy of one's consideration or respect.
Vocabulary:
A pet peeve is something that a person finds particularly annoying.
The word literally can be used for emphasis while not being literally true.
If you grunt, it means you make a low inarticulate sound, typically to express effort.
To drown out a sound means it is covered up or made harder to hear by another louder sound.
If you slurp something it means you drink or eat it with a loud sucking noise.
Body odour (BO) is the unpleasant smell of a person's unwashed body
Vocabulary:
The creative process is the method of developing new ideas, making connections between ideas, and producing a piece of art based on those ideas.
A chatbot is a computer program designed to simulate conversation with human users, especially over the internet.
A genre is a style or category of art, music, or literature.
The word inspire means to fill (someone) with the urge or ability to do or feel something, especially to do something creative.
The adverb vice versa means in reverse order from the way something has been stated; the other way around.
The word collaborate means to work together with somebody in order to produce or achieve something.
Vocabulary:
Infamous means well-known for some bad quality or deed.
Inhabit means to live or dwell in a place.
An invasive species is an organism that is not indigenous, or native, to a particular area.
Paradoxical means having two opposite features and therefore seeming strange.
Fatal means causing death.
Cull means to reduce or control the size of something, such as a herd, by removal (as by hunting or slaughter) of especially weak or sick individuals.
Vocabulary:
A discrepancy is a difference between two or more things that should be the same.
Cosmetic is an adjective that means relating to treatment intended to restore or improve a person's appearance.
The phrase "to go under the knife" means to have surgery.
Insecurity means uncertainty or anxiety about oneself; a lack of confidence.
A term of endearment is a word or phrase used to address or describe a person, animal, or inanimate object for which the speaker feels love or affection.
A backhanded compliment refers to a compliment that implies it is not really a compliment at all.
Vocabulary:
Public speaking is the act of speaking to a live audience.
A eulogy is a speech or piece of writing that praises someone or something highly, especially a tribute to someone who has just died.
Symptoms are the physical or mental problems that a person experiences that may indicate a disease or condition.
The idiom "down the line" means in the future.
Exposure therapy is a form of therapy that is used to treat irrational fears and phobias with gradual and increasing exposure to the feared object.
A therapist is a person who treats mental conditions through verbal communication and interaction.