Brennan, R. L. (1992). Generalizability Theory.Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice,11(4), 27–34.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3992.1992.tb00260.x

The primary source presents generalizability theory as a framework and methodology for dissecting error sources in measurement procedures, building upon classical test theory and ANOVA. It introduces concepts such as universes of admissible observations, G studies, universes of generalization, and D studies to assess writing proficiency. The document details how to estimate variance components and design efficient measurement procedures, differentiating between absolute and relative error variances. It further explores different study designs and universes of generalization, discussing the implications for reliability and error variance. Additionally, it notes the TOEFL program's award for doctoral research in second/foreign language testing, promoting scholarly contributions to the field. The document also offers references for those who are interested in the measurement of education.

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