In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao unpacks and expands on the ideas shared by Naval Ravikant in his Modern Wisdom appearance, diving deeper into his 44 hard-earned truths about human nature, intelligence, and startup success.
Through research and analysis, Hannah explores how Naval uses the podcast medium not just to share practical wisdom—but to reframe how we think about knowledge itself. This isn’t just a recap—it’s a deeper dive into the frameworks that power Naval’s thinking, from startup investing to the evolving role of human judgment in an AI-dominated world.
We break down why intelligence is clarity, why judgment and taste outweigh credentials, and how understanding—rather than memorization—lets you adapt, rederive, and lead. Naval’s concept of analyzing a business “at the seams” is explored through real-world contexts, along with his belief that specific knowledge, not general effort, is the modern lever for wealth and leverage.
From evaluating startup founders to embracing ambiguity in philosophical questions, this episode synthesizes Naval’s ideas with real-world implications for founders, investors, and anyone navigating complexity.
Whether you're a builder, founder, or future-focused investor, this episode provides practical insight into how to think, not just what to think—a skill Naval believes is increasingly rare and valuable in the age of AI.
Visit Index AI at theindexai.com and learn more about Hannah Zhao’s work at hannahzhao.com
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🎧 Tune in to discover the deeper layers behind Naval Ravikant’s thinking—and how founders and investors can apply those truths to build enduring companies and clarity-driven lives.
In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao unpacks one of the most frustrating challenges in performance: why we often know what to do—but still can’t do it.
Drawing from cutting-edge neuroscience, this episode explores the cognitive divide between declarative knowledge (facts, strategies, concepts) and procedural execution (skills, habits, intuition). Whether you’re a tennis coach, founder, developer, or high-performing student, understanding the knowing-doing gap can rewire how you train, perform, and lead.
We explore:
-The brain’s separation of declarative and procedural memory
-Why overthinking, fear, and stress sabotage performance
-The science of muscle memory, neuroplasticity, and habit loops
-Practical tools to bridge the gap: contextual practice, pressure training, interleaving, feedback systems, and sleep timing
From high-stakes sports to startup decision-making, this episode reveals why execution isn’t just about knowing more—it’s about training smarter.
Visit Index AI at theindexai.com and learn more about Hannah Zhao’s work at hannahzhao.com
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🎧 Tune in to discover how neuroscience can help you close the gap between what you know… and what you do.
In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao breaks down one of the most urgent and underestimated shifts in modern cybersecurity: the quantum threat.
Quantum computers are no longer just theoretical — they’re rapidly approaching the point where they could break the encryption systems we rely on today. In this episode, we explore what’s at stake, how post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is being implemented by leaders like Cloudflare, Apple, and the NSA, and why “harvest now, decrypt later” attacks are changing how organizations think about data protection.
We dive into:
-Why current cryptographic standards like RSA and X25519 are vulnerable to Shor’s algorithm
-What PQC protocols like ML-KEM and AES-GCM mean for future-proof encryption
-How organizations are conducting crypto inventories and preparing for large-scale cryptographic migrations
-The role of NIST in setting post-quantum standards
-How industries like finance and healthcare are prioritizing long-term security
Whether you're a founder, engineer, or strategist working in AI, blockchain, healthcare, or finance — this episode will give you practical insights into the protocols, timelines, and decisions shaping the next era of secure digital infrastructure.
Visit Index AI at theindexai.com and learn more about Hannah Zhao’s work at hannahzhao.com
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🎧 Tune in to discover why post-quantum cryptography isn’t optional — it’s inevitable. And the time to prepare is right now.
In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao explores two groundbreaking protocols that are transforming how AI agents communicate and collaborate: Anthropic’s Model Context Protocol (MCP) and Google’s Agent-to-Agent (A2A). These technologies aren’t just technical upgrades—they represent a shift toward dynamic, multi-agent systems capable of intelligent coordination and tool integration.
We break down how A2A enables AI agents to speak a common language, advertise their capabilities, and securely cooperate in real-time, while MCP gives individual AI models structured, on-demand access to external tools and data sources, no matter the underlying LLM.
From enterprise-grade authentication to real-world workflows—like customer service, financial analysis, or multi-agent planning—this episode dives deep into how these protocols unlock smarter, more scalable AI systems. We also explore the future of hybrid setups that combine A2A and MCP to form powerful, interoperable agent teams.
Whether you're a founder exploring AI automation, a developer building multi-agent workflows, or simply curious about where AI infrastructure is heading, this episode offers practical insights into the protocols shaping the future of AI collaboration.
Visit Index AI at theindexai.com and learn more about Hannah Zhao’s work at hannahzhao.com
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🎧 Tune in to discover how MCP and A2A are laying the groundwork for the next generation of intelligent, collaborative AI systems.
In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao explores OpenAI’s groundbreaking integration of image generation into GPT-4o, transforming how we interact with and utilize visual content in AI. Inspired by OpenAI’s latest release, we break down the technical innovations behind GPT-4o’s image capabilities, from in-context learning to text rendering, and discuss its implications for creators, developers, designers, and tech founders.
This isn’t just about pretty pictures—GPT-4o’s enhanced ability to generate context-aware, information-rich images marks a shift toward functional visual communication. We dive into how it handles multi-object prompts, enables design iteration, and supports real-world applications like branding, product design, and educational tools. Plus, we touch on its strong safety system, transparent metadata, and collaborative development process that highlights OpenAI’s commitment to responsible AI innovation.
Whether you're a founder building visual tools, a developer integrating multimodal AI, or simply curious about where image generation is heading, this episode offers key insights on the future of text-to-image systems and their role in making AI more useful, accessible, and powerful.
Visit Index AI at theindexai.com and learn more about Hannah Zhao’s work at hannahzhao.com
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🎧 Tune in to discover how GPT-4o is redefining what’s possible at the intersection of language and vision in AI.
In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao explores the transformative power of AI tools for small businesses, inspired by insights from Salesforce’s latest blog. Discover how emerging AI solutions can help entrepreneurs automate repetitive tasks, personalize customer interactions, and scale faster—even with limited resources. Learn about practical use cases, cost-effective strategies, and the growing ecosystem of AI-driven platforms that are making enterprise-grade technology accessible to small and mid-sized companies. If you’re a founder, developer, or investor looking to tap into the potential of AI for business growth, this episode will provide you with actionable steps and real-world success stories to guide your journey.
Visit Index AI at theindexai.com and learn more about Hannah Zhao’s journey at hannahzhao.com.
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Tune in now to discover how AI tools are leveling the playing field for small businesses worldwide!
In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao uncovers the remarkable story of DeepSeek—a Chinese AI startup led by mathematician and hedge fund founder Liang Wenfeng. Discover how his background in quantitative finance and a bold move to stockpile thousands of Nvidia GPUs enabled DeepSeek to develop an AI model that rivals GPT-4 at a fraction of the usual cost. Learn about their resource-efficient strategies, the challenges of operating as a Chinese company in a complex geopolitical landscape, and the transformative potential of DeepSeek’s approach for developers, investors, and innovators worldwide. If you’ve ever wondered how “impossible” ideas become reality, this episode will show you how rethinking traditional assumptions can reshape the entire AI industry—and beyond.
Visit Index AI at theindexai.com and learn more about Hannah Zhao’s journey at hannahzhao.com.
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In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao takes you on a deep dive into the complex and rapidly evolving world of AI, law, and ethics. Starting with the landmark Dabus case—where courts around the world, including Australia, ruled that an AI system cannot be listed as an inventor—we explore how this decision is reshaping the legal and ethical landscape of artificial intelligence.
Hannah breaks down the challenges of regulating AI in a world built for human decision-makers, and why this matters to tech founders, developers, and investors. Discover how Australia’s AI Ethics Framework is guiding responsible AI development, and learn about the global trends in AI regulation, from the EU’s AI Act to the fragmented approach in the U.S.
The episode also delves into the ethical dilemmas of AI, from bias in hiring algorithms and the rise of deepfakes to the impact of AI on jobs and privacy. Hannah explains how companies can embed ethical principles into their AI systems and why governance and transparency are key to building trust in this powerful technology.
For founders, developers, and investors, this episode offers practical advice on navigating legal risks, staying compliant with upcoming regulations, and investing responsibly in AI startups. Hannah also explores the future of AI regulation in Australia and globally, and what it means for the next wave of innovation.
Whether you’re building AI tools, investing in AI startups, or simply curious about the future of technology, this episode is packed with insights to help you stay informed and ahead of the curve.
Visit Index AI at theindexai.com and learn more about Hannah Zhao's journey at hannahzhao.com.
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Tune in to explore how AI, law, and ethics are shaping the future of technology—and why responsible innovation is the key to success. 🌐
In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao takes you on a deep dive into the revolutionary world of quantum computing with a focus on Google Quantum AI and their groundbreaking Willow quantum chip. Discover how this cutting-edge technology is solving problems that would take classical supercomputers 10 septillion years to crack—challenges that were once thought to be impossible.
Hannah explores the science behind quantum mechanics, the unique properties of qubits, and how Google’s below-threshold error correction is overcoming one of the biggest hurdles in quantum computing. Learn about the real-world applications of this technology, from drug discovery and material science to climate modeling and artificial intelligence.
The episode also highlights how Google Quantum AI is making quantum computing accessible to everyone. From open-source software like Cirq and OpenFermion to educational resources like their Coursera course, Google is building a global community of quantum enthusiasts.
Hannah discusses the broader implications of quantum computing, including its potential to revolutionize industries, tackle global challenges like climate change, and even reshape cybersecurity with post-quantum cryptography.
Whether you're a tech enthusiast, a science nerd, or just curious about the future of computing, this episode offers a fascinating look at how quantum technology is poised to change the world.
Visit Index AI at theindexai.com and learn more about Hannah Zhao's journey at hannahzhao.com.
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Tune in to explore the quantum revolution and how it’s shaping the future of technology! 🌌
In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao tackles a critical question for students and professionals alike: Should students choose to major in software engineering in 2025? With rapid advancements in AI, automation, and global tech trends, the future of software engineering is both exciting and uncertain.
Hannah breaks down the current state of the field, explores how AI and automation are reshaping the role of software engineers, and discusses the skills and specializations that will be in demand by 2025. From the rise of AI-driven development to the growing importance of cybersecurity and green tech, this episode provides a comprehensive look at what the future holds for aspiring software engineers.
Whether you're a student deciding on a major, a professional considering a career switch, or simply curious about the future of tech, this episode offers valuable insights and actionable advice to help you navigate the evolving landscape of software engineering.
Visit Index AI at theindexai.com and learn more about Hannah Zhao's journey at hannahzhao.com.
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In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao dives into the rise of DeepSeek, a new AI powerhouse shaking up the industry. How does DeepSeek compare to OpenAI and NVIDIA in terms of technology, innovation, and business strategy?
We break down DeepSeek’s advancements in large language models (LLMs) and AI infrastructure, exploring its potential to challenge OpenAI’s dominance in generative AI and NVIDIA’s stronghold in AI hardware. What does this mean for the future of AI development, investment, and adoption?
Join us as we discuss:
– DeepSeek’s technical edge over existing AI leaders
– The business implications for OpenAI, NVIDIA, and the broader AI ecosystem
– How startups and investors should navigate this shifting landscape
If you’re an AI enthusiast, entrepreneur, or investor, this episode offers key insights into the next wave of AI disruption.
Visit Index AI at theindexai.com and learn more about Hannah Zhao’s journey at hannahzhao.com.
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In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao delves into the fascinating world of AI agents and agentic reasoning, inspired by Andrew Ng’s keynote at BUILD 2024. Discover how AI agents are transforming industries with their ability to learn, reason, and act autonomously.
Hannah explores real-world applications, from customer service automation to dynamic business decision-making, and discusses the challenges and opportunities AI agents bring to the table. Whether you're a tech entrepreneur, investor, or AI enthusiast, this episode provides valuable insights into the rise of AI agents and their potential to revolutionize the way we interact with technology.
Visit Index AI at theindexai.com and learn more about Hannah Zhao’s journey at hannahzhao.com.
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In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao takes you on an exciting journey into the realm of quantum computing and its potential to revolutionize the tech industry. From IBM Quantum's cutting-edge advancements to real-world applications transforming industries like finance, healthcare, and logistics, this episode unpacks how quantum computing is redefining innovation.
Hannah also introduces actionable insights for tech entrepreneurs, showcasing how startups can leverage quantum computing to solve complex challenges, optimize processes, and create entirely new business models. Learn how this next-gen technology is poised to disrupt traditional industries and open doors to unprecedented opportunities.
Explore the broader impact of quantum computing, including how it's driving AI innovation, enabling breakthroughs in cryptography, and fostering global collaboration. Whether you're a tech enthusiast, an entrepreneur, or curious about the future of computing, this episode offers an inspiring look at quantum's transformative power.
Learn more about Hannah Zhao's journey at hannahzhao.com.
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In this episode of the Index AI Podcast, host Hannah Zhao explores how technology is transforming the world of tennis. From Infosys's advanced match analytics to IBM's AI-powered highlights, discover how these tech giants are revolutionizing the sport.
Hannah also introduces Vision Tennis by Index AI, an innovative AI-powered tennis coaching app designed to democratize access to professional training. Learn how Vision Tennis provides real-time feedback, performance tracking, and professional insights—all accessible through your smartphone.
Explore the broader impact of AI in sports, including injury prevention, fan engagement, and hyper-personalized training. Whether you're a tech enthusiast, a tennis lover, or both, this episode offers a compelling look at the exciting intersection of sports and AI.
Visit Index AI at theindexai.com and learn more about Hannah Zhao's journey at hannahzhao.com.
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