This episode reviews medications and hormonal therapies that can falsely raise the Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio (ARR), creating false-positive results in primary aldosteronism screening.

• Covers centrally acting alpha-2 agonists, beta blockers, NSAIDs, and combined estrogen-progestin therapy.

• Explains mechanisms for PAC and renin changes, highlighting discordance between PRA vs DRC assays.

• Reviews practical withdrawal timelines (minimal vs full) to reduce confounding before ARR testing.