This chapter has been described from the book"Analytical Chemistry ", written by G. D. Christian and others.

Mass Spectrometry detector. It is the part of the book, "Analytical Chemistry", written by G. D. Christian

ICP-MS and Ion mobility Spectrometry (IMS). Based on book"Analytical Chemistry ", written by G. D. Christian and others

It contains Quadruple, Iontrap, Time-of-Flight(TOF). This topic is part of "Analytical Chemistry", written by G. D. Christian and others

This is Continuation of the chapter-22, Session-1, 2,3.

This topic is part of chapter-22 of the book, "Analytical chemistry", written by G. D. Christian and others

Part of "Analytical Chemistry" by G. D. Christian. Toxic Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry.

This chapter is part if the book, "Analytical Chemistry", written by G. D. Christian and others

This topic has been described from the book, "Analytical Chemistry", by G. D Christian and others

This topic is part of chapter-21 of the book"Analytical Chemistry", written by G. D. Christian and others

This topic has been selected from the book, "Analytical Chemistry", written by G. D. Christian and others

This topic is a part of "Analytical Chemistry", written by G. D. Christian and others

This topic has been chosen from the book, "Analytical Chemistry', written by G. D. Christian

This chapter is from the book, "Analytical Chemistry", written by G. D. Christian and others. Topic-HPLC, Content: HPLC. Separation modes: NPC, RPC, IEC, IC, HILIC, SEC (GFC), ICE, Chiral LC, affinity LC. Stationary phases. Equipment details

This topic has been selected from the book, "Analytical Chemistry", written by G. D. Christian and others. Topic: Gas Chromatography. Learning points are: Gas chromatograph. GC columns- packed, capillary. Stationary phase polar to nonpolar. GC detectors. Temperature programming. Quantitative measurement-internal standards. Headspace analysis, thermal desorption, purging, and trapping. Small columns for fast separations. 2-D gas chromatography.

This topic has been selected from the book, "Analytical Chemistry", written by G. D. Christian and others. Topic - Chromatography: Principles and theory. Learning points: Countercurrent extraction. How chemicals are separated on a column. Types of chromatography- adsorption, partition, ion exchange, size exclusion. Chromatographic nomenclature. Theory of column efficiency. Plate number. Van Deemter equation for packed GC columns. Golay equation for open tubular GC columns. Huber and Knox equations for HPLC. Retention factor. Chromatographic resolution. Separation factor. Chromatography simulation software and databases.

This topic has been selected from the book, "Analytical Chemistry", written by G. D. Christian and others. Topic: Sample preparation: solvent and solid phase extraction. Learning points: Distribution coefficient, distribution ratio. Percent extracted. Solvent extraction of metal ions-complexes. Accelerated and microwave-assisted solvent extraction. Solid phase extraction. Solid phase microextraction.

This topic has been selected from the book, "Analytical Chemistry", written by G. D. Christian and others. Topic: Atomic spectrometric methods. Learning points: Distribution of atoms as a function of temperature. Flame emission spectrometry. Atomic absorption spectrometry. Flame AAS. Electrothermal AAS. Cold vapor and hydride generation. Interferences in AAS. Sample preparation. Internal standard and standard addition calibration. Atomic emission spectrometry the induction-coupled plasma(ICP). Laser ablation ICP-optical emission spectrometry)/ mass spectrometry. Atomic florescence spectrometry (AFS)

This topic has been selected from the book, "Analytical Chemistry", written by G. D. Christan and others. Topic: Spectrochemical methods. Learning points: Wavelength, frequencies, and photon energy. How molecules absorb electromagnetic radiation. UV- visible absorption and molecular structure. IR absorption and molecular structure. IR and molecular structure. Near-IR spectrometry. Beer's law calculations. Mixture calculations

This topic has been taken from the book"Analytical Chemistry ", written by G. D. Christian. Topic: Voltametry and electrochemical sensors. Learning points: Electrolytic cells. Supporting electrolytes. Amperometric electrodes. Chemically modified electrodes. Ultramicroelectrodes