As the Catholic Church enters a period of profound transition following the death of Pope Francis, questions are mounting over how it will navigate its dual role as a guardian of spiritual tradition and a global political and moral actor. Francis’s tenure as pontiff was defined by a renewed emphasis on social justice, migration, and interreligious dialogue, as well as symbolic gestures that reflected his commitment to marginalized communities and to addressing the moral complexities of an evolving world. Yet, enduring tensions remain. From reproductive rights to LGBTQ+ inclusion, the boundaries of doctrine continue to shape the Church’s engagement with contemporary social issues. At the same time, the Vatican’s diplomatic footprint has come under renewed scrutiny. From its responses to humanitarian crises in Gaza and Ukraine to its delicate relationships with political leaders around the world, the Church’s moral authority continues to be tested on the global stage. In this episode, Beyond the Headlines examines the evolving role of the Catholic Church at the intersection of faith, diplomacy, and global politics. As the conclave prepares to elect a new pope, we ask: How will the next chapter of the papacy shape the Church’s stance on key social and political issues? Can it continue to act as a moral compass in an increasingly secular and polarized world? These questions, and more, are explored in conversation with this week’s distinguished guests. Professor Reid B. Locklin is an Associate Professor of Christianity and the Intellectual Tradition at the University of Toronto, jointly appointed at St. Michael’s College and the Department for the Study of Religion. Professor Locklin is engaged in advancing interfaith understanding and reconciliation. He founded the Truth and Reconciliation Reading Circle at St. Michael’s College and has collaborated with organizations including the Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops and the Lonergan Research Institute. A long-serving faculty member since 2004, he continues to foster dialogue across cultural and religious divides. Professor Mark G. McGowan is a Professor of History and Celtic Studies at the University of Toronto and a Senior Fellow at Massey College. A renowned historian of Canadian, Irish, and Catholic history, he has authored award-winning works on immigration, religion, and public life. Professor McGowan has held senior leadership roles at the University of Toronto and St. Michael’s College, and in 2024, he was elected to the Royal Society of Canada in recognition of his contributions to historical scholarship. His current research explores Indigenous contributions to Irish famine relief and the legacies of colonial governance in Canada. Produced by: Julia Brahy

In his return to office, President Donald Trump has intensified the use of tariffs as a central instrument of U.S. trade policy. Recent measures have expanded tariffs on strategic imports, particularly from China, and continued the application of steel and aluminum tariffs under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act, as well as broader sanctions under Section 301 investigations into intellectual property practices. These policies have been positioned as efforts to protect national industries, reduce trade deficits, and bolster American economic sovereignty, while also signaling a more assertive U.S. approach to global commerce. Despite these intentions, the structure and execution of these tariff measures have introduced volatility into global markets. Empirical analyses indicate that while select domestic sectors have experienced short-term benefits, overall economic costs—including higher input prices, retaliatory tariffs from trading partners, and dampened investment—have offset many of the perceived gains. International institutions such as the IMF and WTO have linked prolonged tariff conflicts to downward revisions in global growth projections. Financial markets, in turn, have exhibited heightened sensitivity to tariff escalations, reflecting broader uncertainty about the sustainability of current trade policies. This episode examines the evolving nature of American trade strategy: What distinguishes short-term political signaling from durable economic policymaking? How have Trump’s tariffs reshaped global supply chains, investor confidence, and the strategic positioning of U.S. industries? And as financial markets demand greater predictability and resilience, what future pathways could be pursued to align tariff and fiscal policy with long-term competitiveness and global stability? Our special guest this week is Professor Walid Hejazi. Professor Hejazi is the Academic Director of Executive Programs and Professor of International Business, Economic Analysis, and Policy at the Rotman School of Management at the University of Toronto. He is also a Fellow at the Michael Lee-Chin Family Institute for Corporate Citizenship and serves on the Board of Directors of the David & Sharon Johnston Centre for Corporate Governance Innovation. Over the course of his career, Professor Hejazi has advised private-sector firms and collaborated extensively with Canadian and international governments on foreign investment and international trade strategy. He has testified before parliamentary and senate committees, taught extensively in Rotman's MBA, EMBA, and executive education programs, and delivered lectures in over 30 countries worldwide. His research focuses on the intersection of global competitiveness, trade dynamics, and strategic economic policy, making his insights particularly timely for today’s conversation. Join us as we delve into the consequences of tariff-driven protectionism, the gaps in America's current trade approach, and what more sustainable, market-stabilizing policies could look like in the years ahead. Produced by: Julia Brahy

In 2017, Toronto launched TransformTO, a comprehensive climate action strategy aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance the city's resilience, health, economy, and social equity. The strategy set ambitious targets, including achieving net-zero emissions by 2040, with interim goals of a 65% reduction by 2030 and 45% by 2025, relative to 1990 levels. TransformTO encompasses key sectors such as buildings, transportation, energy, and waste, and emphasizes co-benefits like improved public health and economic growth. Despite these commitments, Toronto is not on track to meet its 2030 emissions reduction target. Analyses indicate that without transformative action across all sectors, the city is unlikely to achieve its 2030 and 2040 goals. A significant challenge lies in the strategy's limited integration of behavioral science insights and community engagement mechanisms necessary for lasting change. While TransformTO outlines technical solutions, it lacks robust frameworks to influence and sustain behavioral shifts among residents, particularly in diverse and equity-seeking communities.​ This episode examines the behavioral dimensions of urban climate policy: To what extent is TransformTO designed not only to build sustainable infrastructure but also to influence how people live, think, and act in the face of climate change? Can net-zero targets be achieved without addressing the habits, values, and psychological barriers that shape public behavior? We explore how municipal climate planning can evolve to place human behavior, not just emissions metrics or technical interventions, at the center of its mission.  Our special guest this week is Professor John Robinson. Professor Robinson teaches both at the Munk School of Global Affairs & Public Policy and the School of the Environment at the University of Toronto. He currently serves as the Presidential Advisor on the Environment, Climate Change, and Sustainability and is Co-Chair of the President’s Advisory Committee on these issues. His work sits at the intersection of research, public policy, and institutional leadership, with a focus on integrating sustainability across academic and operational domains. Before joining the University of Toronto, Professor Robinson held several leadership roles at the University of British Columbia, where he founded the Centre for Interactive Research on Sustainability (CIRS), one of North America’s most advanced living laboratories for sustainable building and urban systems. He also played a key role in the development of MetroQuest, a participatory urban planning tool used by cities across North America. He has worked extensively with graduate students, academics, municipal leaders, and community groups, championing research that is inclusive, applied, and grounded in real-world change. Tune in as we examine why TransformTO is a resourceful program for implementing sustainability strategies across Toronto, and what gaps currently exist within its mechanisms. Produced by: Julia Brahy    

Professional accreditation continues to be a major barrier for internationally trained professionals in Canada. Despite arriving with extensive qualifications and experience, many immigrants face difficulties re-entering their fields due to licensing hurdles, regulatory misalignment, and limited institutional support. Ontario’s Bridge Training Programs aim to address this gap by offering tailored pathways to help skilled newcomers integrate into the workforce. In this episode of Beyond the Headlines, we examine how these programs operate, where they succeed, and what challenges remain. From funding and regulatory constraints to employer engagement and federal-provincial coordination, we explore the policy and structural factors shaping their impact. We also compare Ontario’s approach to similar initiatives elsewhere, asking what reforms are needed to expand access and improve outcomes for newcomers across Canada’s evolving labor market. Our guest this week is Dr. Katerina Belazelkoska, Program Manager at GATEWAY for International Professionals. Dr. Belazelkoska is an expert and instructor in Immigration and Settlement Studies at the G. Raymond Chang School of Continuing Education at Toronto Metropolitan University. With a PhD in Educational Administration and more than a decade of leadership experience in the settlement and education sectors, Dr. Belazelkoska brings both academic depth and on-the-ground insight to the conversation. Join us as we explore the structural, policy, and economic dimensions of immigrant workforce integration - and how reimagining credential recognition can advance both inclusion and innovation in Canada’s labor market. Produced by: Ananya Kaumudi Mallubhotla & Dzvezdan Cockovski

As Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine continues to reshape the global order, energy security has emerged as a defining challenge for NATO and its allies. From pipeline politics to infrastructure sabotage and disinformation campaigns, the Kremlin has long used energy as a geopolitical weapon to exert influence and destabilize democracies. In response, NATO members and EU states have launched ambitious efforts to decouple from Russian fossil fuels, bolster infrastructure resilience, and reconfigure energy supply chains. Yet key questions persist: Is Europe’s shift away from Russian energy a structural transformation or a temporary pivot? How is the transatlantic alliance adapting to protect critical infrastructure from cyberattacks, sabotage, and narrative manipulation? And as the green transition accelerates, will energy decarbonization open new fault lines—or create lasting strategic resilience? In this episode, Beyond the Headlines examines the evolving nexus of energy, security, and democratic resilience. We speak with two leading experts in transatlantic policy and law to explore how NATO and its partners are responding to a rapidly shifting energy landscape—and how Russia’s use of energy as leverage is transforming global politics. Dr. Benjamin L. Schmitt is a Senior Fellow at the University of Pennsylvania, where he holds joint appointments with the Department of Physics and Astronomy, the Kleinman Center for Energy Policy, and Perry World House. His work bridges advanced research in experimental cosmology with international policy engagement on energy security, infrastructure resilience, and sanctions regimes. A former European Energy Security Advisor at the U.S. Department of State, Dr. Schmitt led diplomatic efforts to support NATO’s eastern flank and counter Russian malign energy activities. He is also a Senior Fellow for Democratic Resilience at the Center for European Policy Analysis (CEPA), an Associate of the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, and a Term Member of the Council on Foreign Relations. Professor Alan Riley is a Visiting Professor at the College of Europe, Natolin, and a Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council. A legal expert in European competition, trade, and energy law, he has advised governments, EU institutions, and companies on strategy and regulation surrounding energy infrastructure and security. He currently serves as an energy advisor to the Prime Minister of Moldova and sits on the Advisory Committee of the Energy Community in Vienna, applying EU energy law across Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, and the Western Balkans. Professor Riley has written extensively on Nord Stream 2, foreign direct investment policy, and EU antitrust frameworks.  Produced by: Julia Brahy  

Last week, reports surfaced that four Canadian nationals were executed in the People’s Republic of China earlier this year on drug-related charges. This deeply troubling development represents a new and grave chapter in the ongoing deterioration of Sino-Canadian relations. Beyond the human tragedy, these executions raise urgent questions regarding the state of diplomacy, the role of international legal norms, and the broader strategic posture of China on the global stage. At a time when geopolitical tensions are escalating - marked by intensifying U.S.–China rivalry, global economic fragmentation, and growing scrutiny of China’s human rights record - Canada finds itself navigating a precarious diplomatic landscape. The challenge is not merely bilateral, but emblematic of the broader struggles that middle powers face in balancing national interests, moral imperatives, and strategic alliances. As China’s global strategy continues to evolve, it is critical that Canadians and the international community alike deepen their understanding of its geopolitical ambitions, regional influence, and approach to international engagement. This week on Beyond the Headlines, we are honoured to welcome Michael Kovrig, Senior Adviser for Asia at the International Crisis Group and Chief Executive Officer of the Kovrig Group, a geopolitical risk consultancy. Mr. Kovrig is a distinguished expert in international affairs whose research and advisory work focuses on geopolitics, geoeconomics, global security, and human rights, with a particular emphasis on China, the Indo-Pacific region, and related Western foreign policy. He previously served for over a decade as a Canadian diplomat, with postings in Ottawa, at the United Nations, and in Beijing. His professional background also includes roles in strategic communications at the United Nations Development Group, as well as journalism and economic research with a focus on China and Central and Eastern Europe. Mr. Kovrig holds a master’s degree in international affairs from Columbia University and is fluent in both French and Mandarin Chinese. From 2014 to 2021, he resided in China, where he was arbitrarily detained by the Ministry of State Security for nearly three years. Widely regarded as a case of politically motivated hostage diplomacy, his detention drew international condemnation. Drawing on both his personal experience and professional expertise, Mr. Kovrig offers a unique and authoritative perspective on the shifting contours of China’s foreign policy, the evolving nature of Canada–China relations, and the role of diplomacy in an increasingly polarized international landscape. Produced by: Sadie McIntosh & Daniel Ebrahimpour  

Since returning to office, President Donald Trump has led a significant realignment of U.S. foreign policy - one that increasingly reflects Kremlin-supported narratives surrounding the war in Ukraine, NATO, and the global liberal order. From proposing ceasefire terms that favor Russian strategic interests to downplaying Ukraine’s sovereignty, the administration’s rhetoric has raised questions about the erosion of traditional U.S. security commitments and a broader shift away from transatlantic norms. Simultaneously, disinformation campaigns and foreign influence operations—especially those originating from Russia - have intensified, shaping domestic political discourse and shifting public opinion among segments of the American electorate. A growing number of Americans, particularly within Trump’s political base, now express sympathetic views toward Russia, revealing the power of media fragmentation and narrative manipulation. In this episode of Beyond the Headlines, we explore the intersections of policy, politics, and media in a moment of global uncertainty. What does the Trump administration’s alignment with Kremlin interests mean for the U.S.-Russia-Ukraine dynamic? What role does the media play in reinforcing or resisting foreign narratives? And how might this shifting landscape impact democratic institutions and global security? We’re joined by two experts who offer insight into these complex questions. Dr. Jack Cunningham is a Fellow and Assistant Professor in the International Relations Program at Trinity College, University of Toronto, and serves as Program Coordinator at the Bill Graham Centre for Contemporary International History. His research focuses on modern conflict and Canadian foreign policy, with publications on nuclear diplomacy, the war in Afghanistan, and the 2003 invasion of Iraq. He is a former editor of International Journal, Canada’s leading journal of international affairs. Jeffrey Dvorkin is a journalist, media ethicist, and Senior Fellow at Massey College, University of Toronto. He previously served as NPR’s first news ombudsman and Vice President of News and Information, as well as Managing Editor and Chief Journalist for CBC Radio. From 2010 to 2019, he directed the Journalism Program at the University of Toronto Scarborough. He is the author of Trusting the News in a Digital Age (Wiley, 2021), a critical examination of trust and transparency in modern journalism. Produced by: Julia Brahy

The prevailing discourse on sustainability is often dominated by high-tech solutions—AI-driven emissions tracking, smart grids, and digital monitoring systems. While these technologies play an important role in measuring and managing environmental impact, they do not address the structural and systemic changes necessary to build a truly sustainable future. The built environment—infrastructure, material use, and urban design—fundamentally shapes environmental outcomes, yet discussions on sustainability frequently overlook low-tech, high-impact solutions in favor of complex monitoring mechanisms. That being said, the increasing reliance on data-driven climate strategies raises concerns about privacy, governance, and the broader role of digital surveillance in environmental policy. Individuals already provide more personal data to private corporations via smartphones than they do to public sustainability initiatives, yet cities continue to struggle with translating environmental data into meaningful action. This raises an essential question: should we focus less on tracking sustainability and more on embedding it into infrastructure, construction, and urban planning from the outset? This week on Beyond the Headlines, we examine the intersection of sustainability, infrastructure, and governance. How can we integrate low-tech, scalable solutions into urban design and construction to reduce environmental impact without reliance on constant monitoring? What role do transportation networks, material efficiency, and land-use planning play in driving sustainability outcomes? And how can policymakers balance data collection, climate accountability, and privacy considerations in environmental governance? To explore these critical questions, we are joined by Dr. Shoshanna Saxe, a leading expert in sustainable infrastructure and urban resilience. She is an Assistant Professor in the University of Toronto’s Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering and holds the Canada Research Chair in Sustainable Infrastructure. Dr. Saxe’s research investigates the relationship between infrastructure and society, identifying pathways to align urban development, transportation systems, and material use with long-term sustainability goals. Beyond academia, Dr. Saxe is actively involved in policy and sustainability governance, serving on Waterfront Toronto’s Capital Peer Review Panel and the board of the International Society for Industrial Ecology. Recognized as one of Canada’s emerging environmental leaders by Clean50, she was also awarded the 2019 Ontario Engineering Medal – Young Engineer. Her research and expert commentary have been widely featured in The New York Times, The BBC, The Toronto Star, The Financial Post, Spacing Magazine, and Wired. Join us as we move beyond the traditional conversation on high-tech climate solutions and critically examine the foundational role of infrastructure, design, and governance in shaping a sustainable future. Produced by: Julia Brahy

Since the 2016 election, Donald Trump’s “America First” doctrine has reshaped U.S. immigration policy and the global conversation around borders, sovereignty, and national security. His administration implemented sweeping immigration restrictions, from the travel ban targeting Muslim-majority countries to family separation policies and enhanced border enforcement. These measures reflected a broader shift toward nationalism, protectionism, and a rejection of multilateral immigration agreements. Under his second administration, the legacy of Trump's immigration policies continues to shape debates on migration, security, and human rights. How have these policies altered U.S. relationships with neighboring countries? What have been the economic and social consequences of tightening immigration restrictions? And what does the future of U.S. immigration look like in a global landscape increasingly defined by border fortification and rising nationalism? In this episode of Beyond the Headlines, we take a closer look at the long-term implications of Trump’s immigration policies and their impact on migrants, U.S. foreign relations, and international migration patterns. Our first guest is Professor Renan Levine, an Associate Professor in the Teaching Stream at the University of Toronto. He holds a PhD from Duke University and specializes in American politics, electoral behavior, and public opinion. His research examines the role of political institutions and ideology in shaping policy decisions, including those related to immigration. Today, we’ll be discussing the political motivations behind Trump’s “America First” immigration policies, their impact on voter sentiment, and the broader implications for the 2024 election. Joining us next is Professor Leah Montange, a human geographer and expert in migration, borders, and resistance. She is the Bissell-Heyd Lecturer in American Studies at the University of Toronto and has published extensively on immigration enforcement, border detention, and migrant rights. Her work explores how migration policies shape lived experiences and resistance movements. In today’s discussion, she’ll provide insight into how Trump’s border policies have affected migrant communities, asylum seekers, and the broader discourse around immigration enforcement. Produced by: Mia Sunner & Aya Samaha

Since his January 20th inauguration, President Donald Trump has advanced an increasingly isolationist approach to international relations. From imposing 25% tariffs on Canada to claiming Ukraine instigated the ongoing conflict with Russia and proposing the displacement of Palestinians as a solution to the war in Gaza, his administration has fundamentally shifted U.S. foreign policy. Once the cornerstone of American global influence, soft power is eroding under the Trump presidency. What does this mean for the future of international diplomacy and trade? How will China position itself as America’s greatest competitor? And where does Canada fit into this shifting landscape? In today’s episode of Beyond the Headlines, we dive into the implications of declining American soft power and its impact on the global order. To unpack these questions, we are joined by two distinguished experts in international relations and economics. Janice Gross Stein is the Belzberg Professor of Conflict Management and the founding Director of the Munk School of Global Affairs at the University of Toronto. A leading authority on world politics, she is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and a member of both the Order of Canada and the Order of Ontario. She was the 2001 Massey Lecturer and an inaugural Trudeau Fellow, receiving the Molson Prize from the Canada Council for outstanding contributions to public debate. With an academic career spanning decades, she has authored eight books and over a hundred articles, with her latest research exploring the intersection of geopolitics and technology. Dr. Peter Morrow is an Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Toronto, specializing in international trade and applied microeconomics. His research focuses on U.S.-Canada trade relations, Chinese trade policy, and the broader economic impacts of globalization. He has served as a Senior Researcher for the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston and as a co-editor for the Canadian Journal of Economics. His work has been widely recognized, with support from Statistics Canada and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council. Join us as we analyze the evolving global order and what the future holds for trade, diplomacy, and Canada’s role in a changing world. Produced by: Sadie McIntosh & Daniel Ebrahimpour

As the climate crisis intensifies, the need for comprehensive climate education in schools has never been more urgent. However, in Canada, climate awareness and sustainability are not consistently integrated into the national curriculum. Where climate change is addressed, it is often confined to science classrooms, leaving gaps in students' understanding of the social, ethical, and policy dimensions of the crisis. A truly modernized education system must embed environmental responsibility across subjects, ensuring that students grow up not only informed but also empowered to take meaningful action. Without institutional support, educators often struggle to incorporate sustainability into their lessons, leading to patchy, inconsistent learning experiences for students. Beyond the classroom, children's media plays a crucial role in shaping young minds, as storytelling has the power to foster a sense of connection to the natural world, making environmental responsibility feel both urgent and personal. By examining the intersection of education, policy, and storytelling, this conversation highlights what is needed to ensure that the next generation is prepared to confront the climate crisis head-on. This episode of Beyond the Headlines will explore how education policy and media can work together to create a generation of environmentally literate citizens, featuring insights from this week's special guests. A dedicated teacher, educator, researcher, and artist, Dr. Hilary Inwood leads the Sustainability & Climate Action Network at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE) at the University of Toronto. Her work centers on the critical role of education in addressing the climate crisis. Through her graduate courses on environmental and sustainability education, and her coordination of large-scale collaborations between OISE and the Toronto District School Board, Dr. Inwood is pioneering initiatives that empower teachers and embed transformative climate change education into the fabric of our schools. Mary Bredin is an award-winning television producer, media executive, and lifelong climate activist with over 25 years of experience in animation and children's media. With an international background that spans roles at Canal+, Disney Channels Worldwide, and Viasat, Mary has been at the forefront of developing engaging, climate-conscious children’s programming. Her impressive portfolio includes an Emmy nomination for Justin Time, executive production for the Netflix hit True and the Rainbow Kingdom, and co-creation of Disney Junior’s Pikwik Pack. Currently a consultant at Green Tiger Club Ltd., Mary brings a unique blend of creative vision and business acumen to the challenge of using media as a tool for environmental education. Produced by: Julia Brahy

Tech oligarchs have risen to dominate global politics and public discourse, posing grave threats to democracy and governance. Under Donald Trump’s presidency, the consolidation of power among Silicon Valley elites has exacerbated critical challenges, including the spread of misinformation, the weaponization of social media, and the unchecked development of artificial intelligence. These forces have not only deepened political polarization but also paved the way for the normalization of extremism, undermining the foundations of truth in the digital era. The intersection of technological exploitation, political radicalization, and the information war presents urgent questions for the future of democratic societies. In this episode of Beyond the Headlines, we unpack these critical dynamics with two distinguished guests. Andres Kasekamp, an expert on populist radical right movements and European governance, explores the historical and political parallels of authoritarian trends. Ron Deibert, a global authority on cybersecurity and digital rights, highlights the ways in which tech platforms enable political manipulation and disinformation campaigns. Together, they offer in-depth insights into the complex role of digital platforms in amplifying authoritarianism and discuss potential pathways for mitigating their impact on democracy. Andres Kasekamp is the Elmar Tampõld Chair of Estonian Studies and Professor of History at the University of Toronto’s Department of History and the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy. He is a leading scholar on Baltic politics, memory politics, and populist radical right movements. Formerly a Professor of Baltic Politics at the University of Tartu and Director of the Estonian Foreign Policy Institute in Tallinn, Kasekamp has held visiting positions at esteemed institutions such as Humboldt University in Berlin and the Norwegian Institute for International Affairs. Among his acclaimed works is A History of the Baltic States, which has been translated into multiple languages and remains a definitive text in the field. His research explores European foreign and security policy and the intricate dynamics of cooperation and conflict in the Baltic Sea region. Currently, he is editing The Oxford Handbook of Modern Baltic History. Ron Deibert is a Professor of Political Science and the Director of the Citizen Lab at the Munk School of Global Affairs & Public Policy, University of Toronto. A pioneer in cybersecurity and human rights, Deibert has led the Citizen Lab’s groundbreaking investigations into cyber espionage, commercial spyware, and digital censorship, producing over 120 influential reports. These include the Tracking Ghostnet investigation into cyber-espionage and the Reckless series, which revealed spyware abuses targeting journalists and activists. Deibert is also the author of RESET: Reclaiming the Internet for Civil Society, a winner of the Shaughnessy Cohen Prize for Political Writing. His work has earned numerous accolades, including the Electronic Frontier Foundation Pioneer Award and the Order of Ontario. Beyond academia, he serves on advisory boards for organizations like Amnesty International and PEN Canada, making him a critical voice in addressing the intersection of technology, democracy, and civil liberties. Produced by: Julia Brahy

South Korea finds itself at a critical turning point as President Yoon Suk-yeol's impeachment exposes deep challenges to its democratic framework. Allegations of misconduct and debates over the potential use of martial law highlight the fragility of democratic accountability and the lasting influence of authoritarian legacies. At the same time, the country’s history of transformative grassroots activism, including the Candlelight Protests, underscores the vital role of civic engagement in shaping South Korea’s political landscape. In this episode, we delve into South Korea's political turmoil with Professor Hye-Su Kuk and Professor Youngju Ryu, where we shall examine the intersection of state power, citizen activism, and the institutions designed to uphold democratic norms. By reflecting on the nation’s struggle for democracy from the 1960s to the present, we explore the lessons its past offers for overcoming modern challenges and safeguarding the integrity of its political future. Hye-Su Kuk is an Assistant Professor in the Adult Education and Community Development program at OISE/UT and affiliated with the Centre for the Study of Korea at the University of Toronto. Her research focuses on the dynamic relationship between education, social movements, and democracy, particularly in South Korea’s post-1987 democratization era. Dr. Kuk’s work emphasizes the power of grassroots activism and nonformal education in fostering participatory democracy and driving social change. Her publications include a systematic review of social movement learning and a groundbreaking project on "enunciatory learning," a concept she developed to highlight the lived experiences of activist-educators navigating neoliberal and postcolonial challenges. Drawing on her expertise in institutional ethnography, she examines how education can challenge entrenched power structures and empower citizens as active participants in democratic processes. Youngju Ryu is a leading scholar in modern Korean literature, whose research explores the intersections of politics, protest, and cultural expression in South Korea. Her award-winning book, Writers of the Winter Republic: Literature and Resistance in Park Chung Hee’s Korea, examines how Korean writers of the 1970s used literature as a tool of resistance against authoritarianism, earning recognition as one of Foreign Affairs’ "Best Books of 2016." In addition to her acclaimed work on literature and resistance, Professor Ryu co-edited Cultures of Yusin: South Korea in the 1970s and contributes to the Perspectives on Contemporary Korea series. Her current research reexamines South Korea’s democratization movement from the 1960s to 2010s through the lens of media and public discourse, exploring how formats such as podcasts shape political engagement. Professor Ryu’s scholarship bridges literary criticism, cultural history, and political analysis, offering deep insights into the forces that have shaped South Korea’s democratic evolution. Through her work, she illuminates the enduring significance of cultural and civic activism in preserving democratic values. Produced by: Julia Brahy

The Gaza war has triggered widespread geopolitical repercussions, placing Lebanon at a critical juncture. Regional instability has intensified, exacerbating tensions between Hezbollah and Israel despite a recently brokered ceasefire. Israel’s continued military presence in southern Lebanon raises urgent questions about sovereignty, security, and the viability of peace agreements in this volatile region. Lebanon faces mounting challenges, including economic collapse, public unrest, and increased militarization along its southern border. Hezbollah’s response to the Gaza conflict, intertwined with its ties to Iran, complicates Lebanon’s internal dynamics and its role within Middle Eastern geopolitics. Meanwhile, the international community grapples with balancing Lebanon’s fragile stability against the humanitarian crisis in Gaza, often prioritizing strategic interests over humanitarian needs. This episode examines the historical, political, and humanitarian dimensions of these issues. What is Lebanon’s path forward amidst regional and domestic pressures? How does Hezbollah influence this complex landscape, and what role can international actors play in fostering peace? Joining us to unravel these questions are this week's special guests. Jon Allen is a distinguished Canadian diplomat with over four decades of experience in international affairs. A graduate of the University of Western Ontario (LL.B.) and the London School of Economics (LL.M. in International Law), Mr. Allen has held key postings worldwide, including Mexico City, New Delhi, and Washington, D.C., where he served as Minister of Political Affairs. From 2006 to 2010, he was Canada’s Ambassador to Israel, gaining deep insight into the region’s geopolitics. Currently, Mr. Allen is a Senior Fellow at the Munk School of Global Affairs, a Distinguished Fellow of the Canadian International Council, and Chair of Rozana Canada, promoting Israeli-Palestinian healthcare collaboration. He previously appeared on Beyond the Headlines in the 2023/24 season to discuss insurgency dynamics in the Middle East.  Eugene Rogan is a renowned historian specializing in the modern Middle East and North Africa. He serves as Professor of Modern Middle Eastern History at the University of Oxford and is a Fellow at St. Antony’s College. A Columbia University economics graduate, Dr. Rogan earned his master’s and doctorate in Middle Eastern Studies from Harvard University. Professor Rogan’s acclaimed works include The Arabs: A History, The Fall of the Ottomans: The Great War in the Middle East, and the forthcoming The Damascus Events: The 1860 Massacre and the Destruction of the Old Ottoman World. His expertise spans the Arab-Israeli conflict, Ottoman history, and the First World War’s impact on the region, offering valuable historical context to contemporary events. We are honored to have him join us today. Production NoteThe segment featuring Jon Allen was recorded on November 11, 2024, before key developments in the Israel-Lebanon conflict. A ceasefire between Hezbollah and Israel was reached in late November 2024; however, Israeli forces remain in southern Lebanon, raising ongoing concerns. These updates are addressed in the second segment with Professor Eugene Rogan, recorded on January 11, 2025, to reflect the latest developments. Produced by: Julia Brahy  

How can policymakers, businesses, and individuals navigate the new era of Artificial Intelligence development? What should we do to ensure the ethical and responsible use of AI systems? In which directions should regulations be moving? In this episode, we discuss how we can shape the future of AI by improving regulations to navigate and mitigate its potential risks; with the guidance of this week's special guests.   Sonia Sennik is the CEO of Creative Destruction Lab (CDL), a global seed-stage program for scalable science-based ventures operating in six countries, and a current board member for Futurpreneur Canada, an organization that provides early-stage financing, mentorship, and resources to support aspiring Canadians in launching successful businesses that contribute to sustainable economic development in their communities. With a decade at Hatch Ltd. managing large projects, Sonia founded the Sonia Sennik Resilience Fund at McMaster University, the largest multi-donor endowment in its history. Moreover, Sonia was the head coach of the Rugby Ontario Senior Women’s Team from 2016 to 2018, winning bronze, silver, and gold at the Canadian Rugby Championships.   Marco A.O. Soares is the CEO and founder of JasperVocal Inc., an Artificial Intelligence startup based in Winnipeg, Manitoba. An entrepreneur at heart, Marco is passionate about providing people with innovative services to make the world a better place. Initially the developer of a Math App, Marco shifted his focus to AI after seeing the profound impact it had on a political campaign. A strong advocate for using AI for positive change, Marco has centred his efforts on addressing critical issues such as the mental health crisis within the call centre industry. Alongside his role as CEO, Marco is pursuing his studies full-time at the Hult International Business School in London, England.   Produced by: Sadie McIntosh, Mia Sunner and Aya Samaha

Energy transition has become a question of high importance throughout the world. However, these changes raise many questions about affordability, reliability, and readiness. How can we modernize the grid while balancing consumer needs with industry demands?   In this episode, we will discuss with our guests how Ontario can prepare for numerous changes and opportunities in the energy transition process while exploring key challenges and mitigations.   Teresa Sarkesian, President and CEO of the Electricity Distributors Association (EDA), and Harneet Panesar, Chief Operating Officer of the Ontario Energy Board (OEB), will share their expertise, addressing operational and regulatory challenges critical to a successful energy transition.   Dr. Scott McKnight, Post-Doctoral Fellow, Research Associate, and Lecturer at the University of Toronto, will provide insights into the geopolitics of moving away from oil and discuss how Canada can navigate the associated risks.   Tune in as we explore the future of Ontario's green energy transition in this week's episode.    Produced by: Elena Villabona Palomero, Hao Zheng, and Jojo Ashun

Canada has one of the most developed education systems in the world, while the University of Toronto has been ranked as the top university in Canada and 17th globally. Higher education obtained from one of the best universities in the world can open many doors to a promising future. In this episode, we explore how policymakers can enhance education to support cross-border learning, expand research partnerships, and foster cultural exchange. Professor Drew Fagan is a distinguished faculty member at the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy. He teaches in graduate programs and leads several key initiatives, including serving as a Co-Director of the Ontario 360 policy initiative and a Special Advisor to the Infrastructure Institute at the School of Cities. With his extensive expertise in policy and urban development, Professor Fagan offers valuable insights into the role of Canada’s higher education system in fostering academic mobility, knowledge production, and cultural exchange. Sebastien Neale is a Master of Public Policy candidate at the Munk School of Global Affairs & Public Policy. He holds a bachelor's degree in Political Science and Economics from the University of Toronto.  Born in Singapore to a French family, Sebastien offers a unique global perspective, making him well-suited to discuss the role of the University of Toronto and Canada’s higher education system in fostering academic mobility, knowledge production, and cultural exchange. Kejiao Ji holds an Honours Bachelor of Social Science in Economics from the University of Ottawa, having transferred from Beihang University in Beijing. With internship experience at UBS and local government offices, she has developed expertise in industry research and financial analysis.  Produced by: Yiming Sun and Leshi Zhou

As the world undergoes transformative shifts, the international liberal order—once the cornerstone of global governance—is facing unprecedented challenges. Mistrust in multilateral institutions, reconfigured global supply chains, and the advent of a new digital age are reshaping the rules of engagement. In this week’s episode of Beyond the Headlines, we explore the pressing questions of whether the liberal order can endure, what alternatives might emerge, and the potential shape of a new world order. This conversation delves into the crossroads of international relations, addressing the forces redefining global dynamics and the implications for the future. Our guest this week is Akaash Maharaj, a Senior Fellow at the Munk School of Global Affairs and Ambassador-at-Large for the Global Organization of Parliamentarians Against Corruption (GOPAC). With an academic foundation in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics from Oxford University and a career dedicated to advancing good governance and the rule of law, Akaash brings invaluable expertise to the table. From addressing the United Nations on prosecuting kleptocrats to championing anti-corruption initiatives worldwide, his insights shed light on the challenges and opportunities shaping the global order. Tune in to Beyond the Headlines to join this thought-provoking discussion. Don’t miss this compelling episode as we uncover where we stand in the world today and what lies ahead. Available on all platforms, streaming now! Produced by: Mia Sunner and Julia Brahy

The 2025 federal election comes at a critical juncture for Canada, with national conversations focusing on major challenges such as the rising cost of living, climate action, infrastructure development, and government transparency. These pressing issues are shaping the platforms of candidates and nomination contestants alike as they propose solutions to address Canadians' most urgent concerns. Affordability remains a top priority for many voters. Across the country, rising housing costs, inflation, and stagnant wages are creating economic pressures that require immediate attention. Proposals to increase housing supply through policy reforms and interprovincial cooperation have gained traction as potential remedies to the housing crisis. Similarly, Canada’s response to climate change is a key election theme, with debates surrounding carbon taxes, investments in renewable energy, and efforts to modernize public infrastructure. Infrastructure development is another pressing concern, as outdated systems hinder economic growth and connectivity. Calls for modernization, including the introduction of high-speed rail and improved interprovincial trade networks, reflect the need for long-term solutions to these challenges. Meanwhile, institutional transparency and accountability are under scrutiny, with Canadians demanding reforms to government systems, particularly around access to information and decision-making processes. Amid these broader national issues, local nomination contests are determining who will represent Canadians in Parliament. In Burlington, Connor Fraser is campaigning for the Conservative Party nomination. With a professional background in engineering, finance, and public policy, Fraser has centered his platform on addressing housing affordability, economic modernization, and public safety. He has also emphasized the importance of transparency in governance and collaboration between federal and provincial governments to reduce trade barriers and strengthen economic competitiveness. As Canadians prepare to head to the polls, the choices made at both the nomination and federal election levels will shape the nation’s path forward. These decisions will influence how Canada addresses its critical challenges and builds a future that balances sustainability, affordability, and prosperity for all. Produced by: Julia Brahy CIUT 89.5 FM, Toronto’s only independent, open-format radio station, is hosting its Fall Fundraising Campaign from November 18th to November 24th, 2024, with a goal of raising $100,000 to keep this vital community resource thriving. Powered by over 80 unique hosts, CIUT delivers diverse programming that reflects the heart of our city. Your support ensures this unique platform remains accessible to all—donations can be made online at www.ciut.fm or by calling 416-946-7800 (local) or 1-888-204-8976 (toll-free). Contributions of $89.50 or more grant membership, while a $500 donation lets you host a two-hour music show; all donors receive a retro glow-in-the-dark t-shirt as a token of appreciation. Help us keep The Sound of Your City alive!

The re-election of Donald Trump in the 2024 U.S. presidential election marks a pivotal moment in American politics, raising critical questions about the future of democracy, social policy, and international relations. With a strong conservative base and renewed Republican control in Congress, Trump's second term is likely to bring significant shifts to key areas such as reproductive rights, civil liberties, and the role of federal institutions.   This election has underscored deepening divides across American society, with shifting support among white male, white female, and Latino voters signaling evolving priorities and a complex response to Trump's policies. Additionally, his victory has implications that extend beyond U.S. borders, potentially reshaping America's commitments to allies and its positions on conflicts such as Ukraine and Israel-Gaza. In today’s episode, we explore both the domestic and international implications of a second Trump presidency with this week’s special guests.   Joining us first is Professor Matthew Lebo, a distinguished scholar in political science from the University of Western Ontario, where he co-directs the Centre for Computational and Quantitative Social Science. Professor Lebo's expertise lies in political methodology and American politics, with a focus on national institutions, political behavior, parties, and public opinion. Professor Lebo is the author of Strategic Party Government: Why Winning Trumps Ideology (2017), and his upcoming book, A Practical Guide to Time Series, will be published by Cambridge University Press in 2025. His work has been featured in over 35 top political science journals, including the American Journal of Political Science and the Journal of Politics. Professor Lebo has also held notable roles as department chair both at Western and SUNY-Stony Brook, where he founded the Center for Behavioural Political Economy. Throughout his career, he has held prestigious appointments, including a postdoctoral fellowship at Harvard, an Academic Visitor role at Oxford, and Visiting Professor positions at the University of Toronto and, currently, McGill University.   Our second guest this week is Professor Lawrence LeDuc, Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Toronto. Professor LeDuc's work has made an influential mark in the fields of Canadian and comparative political behavior, with a special focus on political parties, elections, and research methods. Among his published works are key titles such as Absent Mandate: Strategies and Choices in Canadian Elections (2019), Comparing Democracies: Elections and Voting in a Changing World (2014), and Dynasties and Interludes: Past and Present in Canadian Electoral Politics (2016). His research has also appeared in respected journals, including Electoral Studies, Party Politics, and the American Political Science Review. In recognition of his contributions, Professor LeDuc was awarded the Mildred A. Schwartz Lifetime Achievement Award in Canadian Politics by the American Political Science Association in 2015.    Produced by: Julia Brahy