The AtlantECO podcast is a science popularisation show, revolving around conversations between the host and a guest to discuss aspects of AtlantECO, a marine science project which focuses on the Atlantic Ocean.
Each episode lasts less than 30 minutes and is released every two weeks on Wednesdays.
The podcasts is organised around three types of episodes:
AtlantECO is funded under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. The content of the podcast reflects only the participants’ view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
The AtlantECO podcast is a science popularisation show, revolving around conversations between the host and a guest to discuss aspects of AtlantECO, a marine science project which focuses on the Atlantic Ocean.
Each episode lasts less than 30 minutes and is released every two weeks on Wednesdays.
The podcasts is organised around three types of episodes:
AtlantECO is funded under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. The content of the podcast reflects only the participants’ view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
The Vital Role of Plankton in Ocean Biogeochemistry
So, what exactly does Meike’s team study? Their focus is on the global cycling of important elements in the Earth system. Specifically, they models marine ecosystems—particularly plankton ecosystems—working to understand where different plankton species live, what they do, and how they contribute to the cycling of nutrients like nitrogen and carbon.
Why is this so important? Meike explains that plankton are the "plants of the ocean." They support half of Earth's primary production and produce a great part of the oxygen being breathed. However, unlike terrestrial ecosystems, plankton are microscopic and live in a vast, inaccessible environment. This makes studying them incredibly challenging, but also crucial for understanding the ocean’s role in regulating the planet’s climate.
Bringing Data Together: What AtlantECO Is Achieving
In AtlantECO, Meike’s team is working to create a comprehensive database of plankton diversity and abundance patterns by bringing together millions of observations from various sources—images, DNA sequencing, and direct observations with organisms caught in nets and seen under microscopes. This database aims to identify which plankton species thrive in different ocean environments and how they contribute to the global cycling of carbon and nutrients.
These findings not only deepen our understanding of plankton’s role but also offer insights into the broader ecological functions they support.
The Future of Plankton Research: What's Next for AtlantECO?
As AtlantECO enters its final months, Meike’s team is focused on integrating the vast data they've collected with new observations, particularly those from cutting-edge genetic techniques that can identify plankton species based on their DNA. This integration will help ensure that new data aligns with existing knowledge, creating a more complete picture of the ocean’s ecosystems.
The team also plans to continue analysing the large dataset they've already compiled to uncover more about the ecology, physiology, and functions of plankton. Meike is excited about the potential for new discoveries and looks forward to collaborating on projects that will help reveal the hidden details of these vital systems.
Making the Research Accessible: From Policy to Public Outreach
The ultimate goal of this research is to make it accessible to a wide range of stakeholders. Meike’s team is working to package their findings in a way that is useful to policymakers, ecosystem managers, and conservationists for example. By identifying hotspots of plankton diversity and ecosystem function, their work can inform conservation efforts and help guide policies that protect the health of the ocean.
The Responsibility of Scientists in the Face of Climate Change
As the conversation draws to a close, Meike reflects on the responsibility scientists have in the context of climate change. While she feels passionate about the ocean and its role in regulating the climate, she emphasizes the importance of remaining objective.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
Balancing the Ocean’s Biogeochemistry: Understanding the Science Behind the Ocean’s Role in Climate Change with Marcello Vichi
In this episode, we meet Marcello Vichi, a biogeochemist working on understanding the ocean’s role in climate regulation. Marcello explains the science behind biogeochemical processes in the ocean and why such complex systems can be difficult to model and predict. In a world where the ocean is a crucial part of our climate system, these insights are more important than ever.
Decoding the Complexity of Biogeochemistry
At the heart of Marcello’s research is biogeochemistry, which investigates how chemical elements such as nutrients are cycled through the ocean’s vast ecosystem, driven by a microscopic world of organisms. While it may seem simple on the surface, the ocean’s biogeochemistry is a highly complex system with many interdependencies—processes that are often influenced by unseen factors, like the turbulence of water movement.
The difficulty in biogeochemical modelling lies in the inability to track every single microscopic interaction. Instead, scientists rely on mathematical models that approximate how these systems work on a larger scale.
Applying Science to Predict Change in the Southern Benguela Current
Marcello works in the Southern Benguela current, a vital upwelling system that sustains one of the most productive fisheries in the world. Here, the ocean brings nutrients to the surface, feeding an ecosystem that humans rely on heavily for food and income. However, this system is complex, with unpredictable fluctuations—sometimes leading to harmful algal blooms or low-oxygen conditions that can devastate the marine food web.
With climate change and human activity intensifying the challenges to ocean systems like the Benguela, understanding these dynamics has become increasingly important. Through models and experimentation, Marcello’s team is working to better predict when these disturbances will occur and how they’ll affect the ecosystem. Their goal is to improve the ability to forecast these disruptions, allowing fisheries to adapt and minimize the impact.
The Role of Satellites and Models in Ocean Science
Marcello also highlights how the increasing availability of satellite data has revolutionized ocean science. Satellites provide high-frequency, continuous data that help scientists monitor large-scale oceanic changes. However, satellites have limitations—particularly when it comes to observing conditions near the coastline or capturing fine-scale details. This is where biogeochemical models come in. These models bridge the gap by incorporating satellite data and other measurements to make predictions about ocean behaviour in areas that satellites can’t reach. While the models are not without uncertainty, Marcello emphasizes how they can still provide crucial information about how the ocean is absorbing and cycling carbon—a topic of critical importance in the fight against climate change.
Looking Ahead: The Future of Biogeochemical Modelling
Looking forward, Marcello is hopeful about the future of biogeochemical modelling. The ultimate goal is to improve our ability to predict how ocean systems will respond to climate change, which will help us manage the ocean more effectively.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
In this episode of the AtlantECO podcast, we had the privilege of speaking with Ferenc Jordan, an expert in network analysis, who shared insights into the importance of this methodology in studying the ocean. Although Ferenc hails from Hungary, a landlocked country, his fascination with the sea began in childhood, inspired by the documentaries of David Attenborough and Jacques Cousteau. His journey in marine science and ecology led him to explore the fascinating world of network analysis, an essential tool for understanding marine ecosystems.
Network analysis is a method of studying systems made up of interacting elements. These interactions can occur between species in an ecosystem, animals in a group, or even individuals in a society. By analysing the structure of these interactions, we can uncover valuable insights that would be missed by focusing on individual elements in isolation.
Ferenc explains that in the context of the AtlantECO project, network analysis plays a critical role in studying the microbiome—the trillions of microorganisms that live in marine environments. These microbes, though invisible to the naked eye, form incredibly complex networks, interacting with each other in ways that are not yet fully understood. By mapping these relationships, scientists aim to uncover how different microbes work together or avoid each other, helping to unlock the ecological processes that govern the ocean.
Studying the microbial networks in the ocean presents unique challenges. Unlike the traditional food webs of animals, where we can directly observe predator-prey relationships, microbial networks are harder to interpret. Microbes can coexist or avoid each other without any clear sign of direct interaction. The data collected in the AtlantECO project shows how these microorganisms occur together in certain patterns, but the meaning behind these patterns—whether it indicates cooperation or competition for example—remains unclear.
Ferenc describes the process of creating smaller, more manageable networks from large, complex microbial datasets. Aggregating these networks to identify "key" microbes—those that play a crucial role in maintaining the stability of the community—can provide valuable insights into the overall health of marine ecosystems. This is a topic of ongoing research in AtlantECO, and the results will likely shed light on new ways to monitor and manage ocean health.
One of the key goals of network analysis in the AtlantECO project is to develop indicators that can help communicate the health of marine ecosystems to decision-makers and stakeholders. Just as GDP is a simple indicator of a country's economic health, network-based indicators could signal the well-being of marine environments. These indicators would provide a clear, easily understandable metric that could inform policy decisions and guide the sustainable management of ocean resources.
Ferenc also shared his passion for science communication, particularly with younger audiences. As a scientist, he believes it is crucial to make complex research accessible and relatable to the next generation. His goal is not just to contribute to scientific understanding but also to inspire young people to engage with environmental issues and become advocates for the planet's future.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
Diving into Ocean Dynamics: A Conversation with Bruno Buongiorno Nardelli
In this episode of the AtlantECO podcast, we got the chance to sit down with Bruno Buongiorno Nardelli, a researcher based in Italy, who has spent over two decades studying the impact of ocean dynamics on climate and marine ecosystems. Join us as we unravel the complexities of his work, understand its significance, and explore what the future holds.
Bruno's research focuses on understanding how various oceanic variables contribute to climate change and the behavior of marine ecosystems. Initially, his scientific education centered around geophysical fluid dynamics and remote sensing. Combining these areas, he has developed techniques utilising statistical analysis, physical models, and artificial intelligence to interpret observations and improve our knowledge of the earth’s systems.
One core aspect of his research involves collecting and analyzing data from both remote sensing technologies and in situ observations. This approach allows scientists to develop more accurate predictive models and forecasts by understanding underlying processes more thoroughly. He stresses the importance of continuous observation to grasp these complex dynamics, as surface-level data alone cannot provide the full picture.
Within the AtlantECO project, Bruno's efforts are directed towards analysing data to understand phytoplankton abundance through ocean color satellite data and separating natural oceanic oscillations from those induced by anthropogenic activities. Such work is vital not just for determining the ocean’s current state but also for predicting future impacts on marine ecosystems and validating climatic models.
Bruno mentions that his work extends to shaping future satellite missions for the European Space Agency. These missions aim to improve our observational capabilities, especially concerning the air-sea interface dynamics. Another significant aspect is understanding how mesoscale turbulence helps transport carbon vertically within the ocean—a critical component of the global carbon cycle.
Bruno acknowledges that scientific investigation is a never-ending journey. The continuous cycle of discovery and inquiry is central to advancing our understanding of ocean dynamics and their broader implications. Once AtlantECO ends, the data and insights generated will serve as a foundation for future research and projects.
The ultimate goal is to provide robust data and sophisticated tools that will enable policymakers to make informed decisions regarding oceanic and environmental stewardship. Thus, Bruno and his colleagues' work is deeply intertwined with the broader mission of sustaining and protecting ocean health in this era of rapid climate change.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
In this episode, we delve into the fascinating world of bioprospecting with Tonje Heggeset and Giang-Son Nguyen from SINTEF, a renowned research organisation in Norway. In conversation with Tonje and Giang-Son, we uncover the essence of bioprospecting, its applications, and its significance within the AtlantECO project.
First, we ask… what is bioprospecting? Bioprospecting involves exploring various natural sources like plants, animals, and microorganisms for commercially valuable substances such as medicinal drugs, biochemicals, and other materials. In the context of the project, the focus is on microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, discovered in environments rich in biodiversity. These microorganisms can potentially yield new antibiotics, anti-cancer compounds, and industrial enzymes, contributing to significant advancements in medicine and industry.
We then transition into the methodologies of bioprospecting. Our guests explain that there are two primary approaches: functional screening and genome/metagenome sequencing. Functional screening involves searching for specific activities in nature, such as antibiotics. On the other hand, genome sequencing entails identifying genes and predicting their functions using bioinformatics tools.
Within the AtlantECO project, SINTEF is in charge of molecular bioprospecting, focusing on discovering new enzymes relevant to stakeholders. This involves data mining from various sources, functional screening, and creating a database of genetic markers for biological sensors. The aim is to provide valuable enzyme candidates for diagnostics, molecular research, and other applications, contributing to the blue economy.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
In this episode of the AtlantECO podcast, we explore the journeys and research of early-stage researchers involved in the AtlantECO project. Today, we meet Darshika Manral, a PhD candidate in physical oceanography at Utrecht University in the Netherlands.
Darshika’s connection with the ocean came later in her career. She began in Information Technology with a Bachelor’s degree and worked as a software engineer. However, a sabbatical brought her to marine mammal research in the Lakshadweep Islands, igniting her passion for the ocean. This pivotal experience led her to pursue an Erasmus Mundus master's in marine science, blending her programming skills with ocean studies.
Darshika investigates how ocean currents transport substances like plankton, plastics, nutrients, and heat using Lagrangian modelling. This method tracks the movement of virtual particles, providing insights into marine connectivity and helping predict future ocean changes. Her research plays a key role in AtlantECO’s mission to understand plankton distribution and marine ecosystems better.
Within AtlantECO, Darshika's work on seascape and connectivity focuses on plankton networks and environmental constraints. Combining her model outputs with real-world observations, she collaborates with biologists to offer a comprehensive view of oceanic processes, supporting better marine conservation strategies.
In her final PhD year, Darshika aims to refine her models further and strengthen collaborations. She is open to continuing in academia or any ocean research-related field, with a keen interest in science communication. Her advice for budding marine scientists? Embrace interdisciplinary research, seek community support, and remain observant of the natural world.
Darshika’s message is clear: anyone can develop a connection with the ocean by staying curious and observant. Her inspiring journey underscores the importance of passion and openness to new challenges. We thank Darshika for sharing her insights and wish her success in her future endeavors.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
In the latest AtlantECO podcast we are exploring the fascinating realm of ocean cultures with our guest, Leila Nefdt from the University of Cape Town in South Africa.
Leila brings a wealth of experience in marine biology and a deep commitment to ocean conservation and public engagement. Her journey from marine ecologist to science communicator offers unique insights into bridging the gap between scientific knowledge and community awareness.
In our conversation, Leila shares her passion for nature, particularly the ocean, and her dedication to fostering ocean awareness through initiatives like See the Bigger Picture and her role at MARIS. She highlights the importance of connecting diverse communities with marine science and conservation efforts.
We delve into the concept of ocean cultures, a term evolving from ocean literacy to encompass a broader understanding of the ocean's influence on society and vice versa. Leila explains how this shift in terminology reflects the rich tapestry of beliefs, traditions, and interactions that shape people's relationship with the ocean, especially in South Africa.
Despite South Africa's coastal abundance, Leila notes the disparities in ocean access and perception among different populations. While some communities rely on the ocean for their livelihoods and spiritual practices, others face barriers like limited swimming skills or geographic distance from the coast.
Turning to AtlantECO's contributions, Leila discusses ongoing efforts to enhance ocean literacy and engagement in South Africa. From developing educational resources to assessing marine science curricula, AtlantECO aims to bridge the gap between scientific knowledge and local needs.
Leila emphasizes the importance of collaboration and cultural sensitivity in promoting ocean stewardship. By fostering dialogue between scientists, educators, and communities, AtlantECO seeks to empower individuals to become advocates for marine conservation.
With continued effort and collaboration, we can nurture a deeper connection to the ocean and ensure its protection for generations to come.
Stay tuned for more updates on AtlantECO's initiatives and how you can get involved in shaping our ocean future.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
In this episode of the AtlantECO podcast we delve into the Marco Bolo project with guest Nicolas Pade, the project coordinator. Marco Bolo is a research and innovation initiative funded by the European Union's Horizon Europe program. Nicolas shares his personal connection to the ocean, rooted in childhood experiences and a lifelong passion for marine biology.
The discussion highlights the need to enhance biological observation in marine sciences, which often focus on physics and chemistry. Nicolas stresses the importance of integrating biology into observation efforts, aiming to create a robust base for biological data collection. He emphasises the necessity of open data practices and stakeholder engagement to ensure the data collected are relevant and utilised effectively.
The Marco Bolo project addresses these challenges through three main components:
Nicolas highlights the importance of collaboration and coordination with other projects, acknowledging the complexity of marine observation and the diverse needs of stakeholders. The project aims to bridge the gap between research and decision-making, striving to create a global impact in marine science.
Looking ahead, the project anticipates further stakeholder engagement, including community of practice meetings and stakeholder events. They also plan to address challenges such as adapting data to different indicators and expanding their team through recruitment efforts.
Overall, the Marco Bolo project represents a concerted effort to advance marine science and foster collaboration within the research community, with the ultimate goal of improving our understanding and management of the oceans.
Find out more on MARCO BOLO: https://marcobolo-project.eu/
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
In the latest episode of the AtlantECO podcast, we delve into one of our case studies, which aims to apply the knowledge and resources developed in the project to existing challenges in shallow sea diamond mining. Our guest, Natasha Karenyi, sheds light on the considerations necessary for developing and implementing environmental regulations of coastal areas.
Natasha, a marine biologist and lecturer at the University of Cape Town (UCT), shares her journey toward studying and researching marine biology. With a childhood curiosity sparked by high school biology classes and a love for swimming, Natasha's passion for the ocean led her to specialise in benthic ecology and pursue a PhD at the Nelson Mandela University.
In our case study, we focus on two countries, Namibia and South Africa, both of which have keen interests in diamond and phosphate mining, as well as petroleum extraction. However, these countries have different policy frameworks, data limitations, and understandings of their marine systems. Natasha highlights the specific challenges and needs within each country and the importance of addressing them to develop effective environmental regulations.
Supporting Policy Making through AtlantECO: to address these challenges, AtlantECO implements various strategies. In Namibia, they collaborate with the Namibian Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources and Debmarine Namibia to provide baseline benthic information for informed policy decisions. In South Africa, they work with the Department of Mineral Resources to develop guidelines for environmental management of ocean mining.
Through research and collaborative efforts, Natasha and her team have identified several challenges that hinder effective environmental impact assessments (EIAs) and marine spatial planning (MSP) processes. These challenges include the lack of consideration for cumulative and indirect impacts, insufficient inclusion of social and economic aspects, and limited access to information; these aspects were all included in the recommendations made recently. As we progress, we aim to further support the different stakeholders in their endeavour to develop EIA processes, streamline reporting standards across sectors, and enhance the integration of social and economic considerations.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
In the latest episode of the AtlantECO Podcast, we delve into the critical topic of mega heatwaves in the Atlantic withguest Thomas Frölicher. The conversation covers the causes, consequences, monitoring, and future expectations of theseincreasingly observed phenomena, including the recent heatwave observed in the North Atlantic.
Thomas Frölicher, originally from landlocked Switzerland, shares his unique journey into oceanography. Growing up with a curious mind inspired by his father's interest in physics, Thomas eventually found his passion for environmental science. His focus on atmospheric physics led him to explore oceanography during his PhD, where he investigated the variations in oceanic oxygen concentration and its connection to human-caused global warming.
We then discuss marine heatwaves, defined as periods of persistently warm ocean temperatures. Thomas explains that these events are becoming more prevalent globally, affecting ecosystems, weather patterns, and land conditions. The North Atlantic, in particular, is experiencing mega heatwaves, with temperatures significantly higher than ever recorded. Thomas discusses potential causes of marine heatwaves, such as enhanced air-sea heat uptake, changing ocean currents, and various other factors. The global ocean currently faces record-high temperatures, with about 30% experiencing a marine heatwave. The North Atlantic stands out with temperatures 0.5 degrees higher than previous records, raising concerns among scientists.
To understand these heat waves, scientists rely on high-temporal-resolution datasets from satellites, ARGO floats, buoys, and ocean models. Thomas emphasises the importance of collaboration among researchers with diverse expertise to comprehensively analyse the multitude of factors contributing to the current temperature anomalies.
We then touch upon the consequences of mega heat waves on marine life and ecosystems, and Thomas highlights the sensitivity of ecosystems to high temperatures, leading to damages worth billions of dollars in industries such as fisheries and tourism. In AtlantECO project, Thomas and his team aim to assess the impact of a combination of multiple extreme events in the Atlantic, providing valuable data for managing ocean resources and mitigating risks.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
A Journey from Nongoma to the Atlantic Ocean: Mayi, currently in the second year of his Ph.D. at the University of Pretoria, takes us through his remarkable journey. Born and raised in the small village town of Nongoma in Kwazulu Natal, South Africa, Mayibongwe's connection with the ocean began unexpectedly during a school trip in grade 10 or 11. Despite being inland, he pursued microbiology, eventually participating in prestigious cruises, exploring the Atlantic Ocean's marginal ice zone.
Microbial Marvels in the Ocean: Mayi's research focuses on marine microbial communities, specifically bacteria and single-cell algae. He delves into the intricate world of microbial ecology, emphasising the importance of understanding microorganisms' role in processes like carbon sequestration and nitrogen cycling. His work, centred around Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), seeks to uncover microbial physiological responses to environmental fluctuations. Mayibongwe explains the significance of studying microorganisms in the ocean, highlighting how these tiny organisms, with their enormous impact, play a crucial role in maintaining Earth's balance by cycling essential gases and nutrients.
Sailing the Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT): Mayibongwe shares his experience aboard the RRS Discovery during the latest AMT. The AMT, an annual multidisciplinary program, conducts biological, chemical, and physical oceanographic research between the UK and the South Atlantic. Mayibongwe's role involved collecting seawater samples for his Ph.D., contributing valuable data to the AtlantECO project. Mayibongwe reflects on the unique experience of being the only representative from his region, the joy of encountering penguins in Falklands Island, and the unexpected birthday celebration during the crossing of the line. He expresses gratitude to his supervisor, Prof. Makhalanyane, and the AtlantECO programme for exposing him to these extraordinary opportunities.
Future Aspirations: Looking ahead, Mayi acknowledges current collaborators like Prof. Jonathan Todd and his research group at the University of Norwich, emphasising the importance of collaboration in DMSP research. His immediate goals include completing his Ph.D., publishing papers, and continued engagement with the AtlantECO program. Ultimately, Mayibongwe aspires to establish his own research group and collaborate with scientists globally.
Stay tuned for the next episode and more engaging conversations with scientists shaping the future of marine research.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
In this podcast episode, we are starting a new series looking at the Early Stage Researchers in AtlantECO. Our guest in the first episode of this series is Fabio Benedetti, marine scientist specialising in plankton biodiversity and its role in ecosystem functioning and climate regulation. Fabio, who is based at ETH Zurich, explains that his fascination lies in studying the small creatures in the ocean, particularly plankton. He has been researching plankton diversity for a decade, focusing on understanding their distribution, patterns, and their future trajectory. Fabio's research falls within the field of macroecology and biogeography, where he maps the biodiversity of plankton. By analysing observational data collected over the years using data mining and machine learning tools, he extracts hidden information and maps indicators of plankton diversity in space and time. He emphasises the importance of combining disparate datasets to gain new insights that might have been missed when working with individual datasets.
Fabio's work contributes to a better understanding of the biodiversity and ecological dynamics of plankton in the ocean. His research helps uncover valuable information about the distribution and characteristics of these vital organisms, ultimately aiding in the conservation and protection of marine ecosystems.
Within AtlantECO, Fabio’s main role is to aggregate and curate plankton observation data from various sources. This data includes information on different plankton species, their diversity, and productivity. By bringing together diverse datasets, the aim is to create a comprehensive understanding of plankton biodiversity in the Atlantic Ocean. The aggregated data is then made available to the scientific community for further research and analysis. In collaboration with colleagues in the project, Fabio also develops statistical pipelines and mapping packages to extract valuable information from the aggregated data. By generating maps of plankton biodiversity and productivity, scientists can identify global patterns and study interactions between different plankton species. These maps serve as a foundation for developing indicators to monitor and predict the response of plankton to future changes in climate variables. With ongoing climate change and rising anthropogenic CO2 emissions, understanding how plankton biodiversity and production will respond to these changes is crucial.
In addition to his data aggregation and mapping activities, Fabio also supervises early-stage researchers, explaining his passion for mentoring future ocean scientists and his desire to find a permanent position in academia or a related field where he can continue to support and inspire young researchers. Fabio also offers advice to those starting their careers in marine sciences, so make sure to listen to the full episode to benefit from his wisdom!
Get in touch with Fabio: fabio.benedetti@usys.ethz.ch
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
Logo by Louise Merquiol
Music by No Pilot
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
In the 43rd episode of the AtlantECO podcast, we chat about citizen science and how we use it in AtlantECO with Anna Oddone, from Plankton Planet. Anna tells us about the Sail for Science initiative, delivered through the Plankton Planet project, which aims to engage citizens in collecting data on the ocean microbiome.In the context of AtlantECO, Sail for Science activities are being carried out to contribute to the overall scientific goals. One such activity involves developing and testing instruments to be deployed on sailing boats, for “planktonauts” the citizens participating in the initiative. Three instruments have been developed: the high-speed net, the Lamprey DNA kit, and the PlanktoScope.
The high-speed net allows plankton collection during normal cruising speeds of up to eight knots, unlike traditional nets that require the boat to be stationary or moving very slowly. The Lamprey DNA kit filters seawater through a membrane, capturing plankton, which is then dried on the membrane and sent to laboratories for genomic analysis. The PlanktoScope, a semi-automated microscope with a 3D system, enables quantitative imaging of plankton, capturing their morphology. This instrument provides not only information about species presence but also visual insights into their size, colour, and other characteristics.
The instruments have undergone testing on board Tara, demonstrating their effectiveness comparable to standard instruments used by scientists. Feedback from experts within the AtlantECO network has further refined the prototypes. The next phase involves deploying these instruments on sailing boats, for which a set of protocols and manuals are prepared. Dozens of "planktonauts" will be trained to use the instruments, collecting data and providing feedback on usability. The main sampling route will be the North Atlantic route, commonly used by sailing boats. Additionally, there will be routes in the southeast of the Atlantic, specifically from Cape Town to Europe and vice versa.
While oceanographic vessels associated with AtlantECO conduct their research, the Sail4Science initiative will implement simplified versions of the AtlantECO protocols. Comparing the results from these lighter deployments with those obtained from standard oceanographic vessels will yield valuable insights. The enthusiasm from sailors and citizens to understand and appreciate the ocean they sail on is evident. People who sail generally have a deep connection with nature and actively seek initiatives that help them explore and comprehend the ocean better. The instruments used in the project enable sailors to observe the hidden aspects of marine life that would otherwise remain unseen, revealing the richness of life beneath the ocean's surface, a world that only becomes visible through the lens of microscopes and reveals the astonishing beauty and diversity of marine ecosystems.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
Logo by Louise Merquiol
Music by No Pilot
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
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In the 42nd podcast episode, our guest, Serena Zunino, discusses how we measure the health of the ocean. She explains that measuring the health of the ocean means assessing its status and how it deviates from the condition of a healthy ecosystem. A healthy ocean is one where its structure is maintained, ecosystem functions work properly, and the system is stable, resilient, and sustainable. The health of the ocean is crucial to human health and wellbeing as it provides many important ecosystem services. Serena also emphasises the importance of adopting an ecosystem-based approach that recognizes humans as integral components of the ecosystem. She emphasises that the ocean has been subject to increased pressures over the last few decades, such as loss of biodiversity, overexploitation of fish stocks, pollution, and climate change, which have threatened its health. Therefore, it is essential to develop effective tools to monitor the status and health of the ocean to prevent further damage and ensure its sustainability for future generations.
The Ocean Health Index is an effective tool to evaluate the marine environment, the OHI is an assessment framework that evaluates the ocean's health based on sustainable provisioning of benefits and services such as food provision, carbon storage, water cleanliness, and biodiversity. The progress toward each goal is assessed against the optimal and sustainable level that can be achieved, with different reference points considered for each goal. The index has been calculated every year since 2012, using nearly 80 different global data sets spanning ecological, social, economic, and governance measures.
AtlantECO is working on the implementation of the Ocean Health Index, aiming to add new details of data at higher resolution, both spatially and temporally, and new kinds of data, such as those linked to plastic pollution or genetic information that has the potential to enlighten ecosystem functions yet to be discovered. New indicators are being developed to produce improved estimates of ecosystem status and trends of some services that the Atlantic Ocean provides. The focus is on assessing the status of ecosystem structure, function, health, and services at the whole Atlantic scale as well as some regional case studies, incorporating high data resolution. The assessment aims to predict the capacity of ecosystems to provide services sustainably in the future, considering future projections of climate change and socioeconomic pathways.
The results of the analysis using the Ocean Health Index are needed to provide scientific advice on the status and trends of different policy scenarios, guide management decisions, and raise awareness of the threats facing the ocean. The communicative power of the Ocean Health Index must be used to increase awareness among stakeholders and promote the sustainable use of marine ecosystems.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
Logo by Louise Merquiol
Music by No Pilot
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
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In the 41st episode of the AtlantECO podcast, we discover Nautilos, a Horizon 2020 funded project that aims to fill the gap in marine observations and improve monitoring capacities and resources. The coordinator, Gabriele Pieri explains that the project's main objective is to monitor the oceans' environmental status, spanning from chemical and biological information from deep ocean physics to surface models for forecasting. Nautilos uses a new generation of cost-effective sensors and samplers that are integrated into existing and new observing platforms such as moored buoys, animal tags and underwater vehicles. The project performs long-term deployments in large scale demonstrations across various European seas, including the Atlantic, South Atlantic, North Atlantic, Baltic, and Mediterranean. One of the project’s demonstrators is animal borne instruments, and two of the guests explain what this entails. First, Jorge Fontes presents the tools, designed to be non-invasive, which combines multiple sensors. The most complex tag includes high-resolution accelerometery, which allows for the measurement of fine details of animal movement and behaviour. It also includes a satellite positioning system and video camera with lights for deep-diving animals. Another sensor measures dissolved oxygen in the water, which is a critical variable for animals that extract their oxygen from the water. This additional sensor will allow researchers to understand how the availability or unavailability of oxygen will potentially determine how animals use their three-dimensional habitats. Understanding these changes can help predict how they will affect top predators, such as sharks, that control the food chain and have a reverberating impact on the whole ecosystem. Christophe Guinet then presents their latest development with a mini echo sounder, which is attached to elephant seals and can detect particles in the water as they dive. The team hopes to use the information gathered to assess the biological component of the oceans and to understand the ecological consequences of global warming. The team also plans to develop a micro camera triggered by the acoustic detection of the mini echo sounder to provide a visual identification of the particles detected. The system has the potential to provide valuable in-situ measurements of the biological component of the oceans that are currently lacking. We further discuss tagging of animals for research purposes. Our guests explain how they aim to move away from invasive tagging techniques towards non-invasive methods such as deploying a harness or necklace on sharks and manta rays by free diving.
The NAUTILOS project:
Nautilos website: Nautilos
Nautilos social media handles:
LinkedIn: Nautilos | LinkedIn
Twitter: NAUTILOS (@NAUTILOS_H2020) / Twitter
YouTube: NAUTILOS H2020 Project - YouTube
More about AtlantECO www.atlanteco.eu
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
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In episode 40 of the podcast, we spoke with Romain Troublé, CEO of the Tara Ocean Foundation, about the foundation's mission and Mission Microbiomes, one of our flagship expeditions in AtlantECO, as well as the most recent activities of the Foundation. Mission Microbiomes lasted 22 months, visited 14 countries, and journeyed over 70,000 kilometres. The expedition was challenging, with logistics being a major issue, especially with Covid restrictions. However, the team managed to make it as smooth as possible for the crew and scientists involved. The expedition yielded a lot of data and samples that are now being analysed in AtlantECO. A total of 168 scientists participated in the expedition, and the team used sails instead of the engine for a significant part of the journey, reducing carbon impact. The team had the opportunity to visit some unique oceanic artefacts and locations and study the biodiversity there. A highlight of the expedition was when scientists talked to French president Macron in real-time from Antarctica about climate change and the need to protect the area.
Romain also discussed the foundation's mission, which is unique in its approach, as it encompasses scientific research, education, political advocacy, and sailing. He highlighted the foundation's work and the importance of ocean exploration and biodiversity research. The foundation has enabled the collection of over 100,000 ocean samples across 12 expeditions. With the help of scientists, politicians, and the public, the foundation continues to raise awareness of the ocean's importance and the need to protect it. And now, Tara, the schooner, has just left on its new mission called Tara Europa, part of the TREC expedition. In this two-year-long expedition, which will begin in Estonia and sail along the European coastlines to Athens in Greece, the team will study various forms of pollution, which is largely invisible, and its link with the microbiome. The foundation is also working on the Tara Polar Station project, which aims to document the changes in the Arctic Ocean due to climate change and melting ice. The Arctic Ocean is a unique and extreme environment threatened by global warming and pollution. To improve our understanding of its biodiversity and the impact of climate change, the Tara Polar Station will embark scientists from various fields until 2045. This multidisciplinary scientific approach aims to reveal unique adaptations of organisms, analyse the consequences of melting sea ice and pollution, and discover new molecules, species, and processes. The aim is to better understand the Arctic, so that we can protect the health of the planet.
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
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In episode 39 of the AtlantECO Podcast, Leïla Meistertzheim, a researcher from Banyuls-sur-Mer with expertise in toxicology and microbiology, who was chief scientist of the last topic study of the Mission Microbiomes Expedition in Senegal, discusses the importance of studying the Casamance River.
The goal of that study was to trace the origin of plastic pollution in the ocean, and to understand the flow of plastic from the land to the sea. The Casamance River was an ideal environment for this study as it is a mangrove environment, a hotspot of biodiversity, and has different types of human activities that can impact the environment. The team used a manta net and different types of filters to increase the quantity of DNA, enabling them to identify the microorganisms living in the surrounding environment and the plastisphere, the life that develops on plastics. The study will help increase knowledge of the exact number and different types of plastic pollution found in the river, and how they can be affected by UV radiation and hydrometry. The ultimate goal is to understand the mutual impact of plastic on biodiversity and marine ecosystems, and to share this knowledge with local people so they understand the impact of plastic not only in the river but also in the sea.
During the study, the team encountered unexpected challenges with sampling methods. Due to the river's size, at first, they were able to enter directly on Tara but had to resort to renting a car and transporting equipment themselves to sample further up the river. They were able to obtain help from locals, and their interactions were mutually beneficial as the researchers and the community exchanged about microplastics in the environment. The researchers found a significant amount of plastic waste near a small population on the riverbank, which highlights the impact of single-use plastic on the environment. The locals understood the problem and were keen to find solutions, but it was not easy in their part of the world. Overall, the experience was rewarding and educational for both the researchers and the locals.
The leg was dedicated to Tracy Edwards, a woman who has played a significant role in supporting women in the sailing world. Edwards created the first all-women crew 30 years ago, and her story was turned into a movie.
Leïla shares her positive experience on board Tara and she emphasises on the importance of working together as a team to achieve the common goal, in what can be challenging conditions. As we had heard in previous stories of the Mission Microbiomes, this message of teamwork and shared passion is common among those who have been on board Tara.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
Logo by Louise Merquiol
Music by No Pilot
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
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In episode 38 of the podcast, Jean-François Ghiglione, marine ecotoxicology researcher from Banyuls-sur-Mer in France, discusses the importance of studying the Gambia River and how it helps to understand the ocean microbiome and ecosystems. Jeff was on board Tara as chief scientist during one of the legs of the Mission Microbiomes expedition whilst studying the Gambia river.
There, the focus of the topic study was on plastic pollution in the river and its effects on microorganisms. This will help us understand how different plastic pollution in African rivers is in comparison to European ones. The leg was made to find out the amount of plastic pollution in different environments along the Gambia River. The team also sampled the water to compare microbial life on plastic to the microbiome living in the surrounding water. They are interested in understanding the interaction between the microorganisms and the pathogens that could be transported through microplastics from the river to the sea. While the analysis and work downstream will take place over the coming months, the team already observed that the type of plastic pollution there was different from that found in Europe.
This scientific study was dedicated to a woman involved with the sailing world and ocean protection, and Jeff talks about Isabelle Autissier, the first woman to have completed a solo circumnavigation of the globe. She is a French navigator, writer, and an environmental activist dedicated to environmental causes. She has also carried out research on Crustacean and fishes in fisheries on behalf of IFREMER in France. She is inspirational and is committed to bringing about change for the environment.
Jeff shares that his best memory of his time onboard is the human experience. The Tara crew takes care of everyone, making the atmosphere onboard comfortable and welcoming. Artists are also present onboard, which opens up new ideas and ways of seeing their work. Jeff praised the professionalism of the crew and the organisers, who created what he described as almost magical conditions.
Overall, the expedition was a great success and the team discovered new information on plastic pollution and its effects on microorganisms. It adds another piece to the puzzle of understanding how human activity impacts the oceans and the environment.
More on AtlantECO: www.atlanteco.eu
Logo by Louise Merquiol
Music by No Pilot
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
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Our 37th episode of the podcast is dedicated to the High Seas Treaty, which was the focus of intense discussions during the Intergovernmental Conference on Marine Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) a couple of weeks ago. The treaty deals with high seas, those regions of the ocean which lie outside of national boundaries and for which, up to now, there were essentially no regulations, and especially very little enforcement of what regulations there were; and this in terms of navigation, fishing, research or use of the marine resources from these regions for example. So this treaty establishes a framework for the legal mechanism to protect the ocean and marine biodiversity, including in support of the pledge to protect 30% of the ocean by 2030 which was made during the UN biodiversity conference in December 2022. To talk about this in more detail and gain a better understanding, we had two guests on the show: Andre Abreu from the Tara Ocean Foundation in France and Hugo Sarmento from the Federal University of San Carlos in Brazil. André provided a summary of the treaty’s history and background, telling us that when states approved the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in 1982, there was no consideration of the issues that are today threatening biodiversity in the sea and high seas. From 2010, delegations started to think about a complementary treaty, a new instrument, to complete the UNDOS by addressing issues linked to sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity beyond areas of national jurisdiction. The Tara Ocean Foundation, as an observer for the United Nations Economic and Scientific Council, has been involved in the negotiations since 2012 and their role has been crucial in making a link between the UN delegates and the scientific community, bridging a gap between science and policy.
So what does the treaty mean for people conducting research in the high seas? Hugo was there to tell us about this. He mentioned that at the moment, there are no laws for the high seas. Now, in the treaty, resources from the high seas are considered resources for humanity so the regulations on how to manage genetic resources will change. Because of its abundant biodiversity and history of biospiracy, Brazil was well placed to provide advice, guidance and recommendation when it came to managing the genetic resources. This is where Hugo played his part, talking with the ministry of Foreign Affairs in Brazil to provide his scientific expertise on marine genetic resources.
When agreements were reached late into the night of the 4th of March 2023, it felt like a great victory after years of work! The high seas treaty was accepted, and with it, measures to protect the ocean and its resources. It has to be noted that the text will need ratification by 60 nations before it becomes binding so let’s hope this happens sooner rather than later.
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
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This is the last episode in our short special series released on the occasion of International Women's Day where women involved in researching or protecting the ocean tell us about their experiences, share their messages for the future and answer questions we have received from the younger generation all around the Atlantic!
In this show you will hear from Sieglinde Gruber, senior advisor to the European Commission as she provides an overview of the situation and policies surrounding the issue of women in marine sciences and the blue growth sector, as well as the initiatives and projects that exist to address these challenges.
Find out more about AtlantECO on
Our website: www.atlanteco.eu
Twitter: @EU_AtlantECO
Instagram: @eu.atlanteco
Facebook: @Atlanteco-EU-107893811437643
YouTube: UCg1fWuQLlpSnnV8aVocHphQ
Logo by Louise Merquiol
Music by No Pilot
The AtlantECO project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862923. This output reflects only the author’s view and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.