TAMRALIPTA: The Ancient Copper City - 5000 Year Old? | తామ్రలిప్త! భీముడు కట్టిన నగరం, భీముడిని పూజించే నగరం, చరిత్ర నుంచి బ్రిటీషర్లు మాయం చేసిన నగరం! | Voice of Maheedhar Planet Leaf (MPL) Videos Exclusive...
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Tamralipta: The Ancient Copper City and a Major Maritime HubTamralipta, also known as Tamralipti, was an ancient city and port located on the coast of the Bay of Bengal in ancient Bengal. It is now identified with the modern town of Tamluk in the Purba Medinipur district of West Bengal, India. The city’s name derives from the Sanskrit word "Tāmra" meaning copper, highlighting its prominence in copper mining and trade.Historical significanceEarly Settlement & Trade: Archaeological evidence suggests continuous human habitation in Tamralipta since the 3rd century BCE, with origins potentially extending to the 2nd millennium BCE. Its strategic location at the confluence of rivers and the sea made it a significant port for trade with other parts of India and the world.Copper Trade: Tamralipta's most important trade commodity was copper, sourced from nearby mines like Ghatsila in the Chota Nagpur Plateau.International Connections: Tamralipta served as a hub for trade with Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia, Java, China, and even Western countries like Rome and Egypt. Archaeological findings, including Roman amphorae and gold coins, further support these trade connections.Buddhist Center: Tamralipta was a prominent center for Buddhism, with Chinese travelers like Fa-Hien, Xuanzang, and Yijing mentioning its thriving Buddhist monasteries and the spread of Buddhist teachings from here to other regions.Gateway to the East: The port served as a gateway for Indian traders and missionaries venturing towards Southeast Asia and other foreign destinations.Importance in Major Dynasties: Tamralipta's importance peaked during the Gupta dynasty, and it was considered the chief port of the region. Emperor Ashoka is believed to have targeted Kalinga to control access to this vital port.Connection with Pataliputra: Tamralipta was linked to major cities like Pataliputra, the capital of the Mauryan Empire, by well-established roadways.DeclineRiver Changes and Siltation: The decline of Tamralipta began around the 7th century CE, likely due to a combination of factors, including changes in river courses (particularly the Rupnarayan River) and the consequent silting of the port, rendering it less navigable.De-urbanization: De-urbanization of coastal Bengal during that period also played a part in its decline.Shift of Importance to Other Ports: The Saraswati River, which connected Tamralipta to the Rupnarayan estuary, shifted its course eastward around 700 CE, resulting in the decline of the port. Saptagram (Satgaon) emerged as a prominent port afterwards.LegacyLost and Found: Tamralipta faded into obscurity for centuries until archaeological excavations in the late 19th and 20th centuries rediscovered its importance.Modern Relevance: Today, Tamluk, the modern town associated with ancient Tamralipta, continues to hold historical significance with its archaeological museum and the ancient Bargabhima Temple.