Questions like “What does this mean?” are central to our encounters with art. “How are these signs connected?” or “how do all symbols fit into an unstated scheme?” are the foundational concerns of aesthetics. Yet, when the same concerns crop up regularly in almost any other part of life, we give a clinical, pathological name: paranoia.
These questions were the makings of Paranoia, a symposium held at Verdurin in February 2025.
This episode is a recoding of A Long Thread, a talk by the writer Sam Jennigs.
Sam speaks about what is arguably the first conspiracy theory in Western intellectual history: Gnosticism. In particular, he considers how the doctrine of Gnosis arises through the growing belief that “interpretation” of scripture was a vital part of faith.
This focus on interpretation breeds an ethos of seeking subtextual or hidden meaning. From Renaissance occultists to moderns like Pynchon, and Phillip K. Dick, writers have turned to Gnosticism as a secret undercurrent in the history of Western literature.