The term “biosphere” is the place on the Earth’s surface where life dwells. Since its inception in 1875, this concept launched one of the most ambitious interdisciplinary collaborative efforts in science as it forged partnerships between atmospheric sciences, biology, chemistry, climate, earth sciences, ecology, engineering, geology, geography, hydrology, mathematics, and physics.This course covers fundamentals and principles of air and water movement within the biosphere. It elaborates on key applications spanning subsurface water movement, the soil-plant system, xylem-phloem water movement, overland flow, the hyporheic zone and adjacent stream flow, and air flow in the lower atmosphere. The common theme weaving all the lectures is that fluid flow exerts significant controls on the form and function of the biosphere.
The talks were recorded during the MICMoR Summer School “Transport Phenomena and the Limits of Life in the Biosphere”, held at KIT/IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, from 9th-18th August 2017. (picture: Gabriel Katul, Duke University)
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The term “biosphere” is the place on the Earth’s surface where life dwells. Since its inception in 1875, this concept launched one of the most ambitious interdisciplinary collaborative efforts in science as it forged partnerships between atmospheric sciences, biology, chemistry, climate, earth sciences, ecology, engineering, geology, geography, hydrology, mathematics, and physics.This course covers fundamentals and principles of air and water movement within the biosphere. It elaborates on key applications spanning subsurface water movement, the soil-plant system, xylem-phloem water movement, overland flow, the hyporheic zone and adjacent stream flow, and air flow in the lower atmosphere. The common theme weaving all the lectures is that fluid flow exerts significant controls on the form and function of the biosphere.
The talks were recorded during the MICMoR Summer School “Transport Phenomena and the Limits of Life in the Biosphere”, held at KIT/IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, from 9th-18th August 2017. (picture: Gabriel Katul, Duke University)
14: Physical limits on plant size and their organs, 16.08.2017
Transport Phenomena in the Biosphere
45 minutes 26 seconds
7 years ago
14: Physical limits on plant size and their organs, 16.08.2017
14 |
0:00:00 Start
0:01:52 Literature
0:01:55 Centennial of On Growth and Form by D'Arcy Thompson
0:02:44 Question: Why no wheels in nature?
0:03:31 Example: Why no wheels?
0:04:37 Question: What drives evolution in biological systems?
0:04:54 Energetics of Evolution
0:06:50 Example: Size of living organisms
0:07:29 Bacterial size limited by feeding strategy
0:11:12 Sugar transport
0:11:45 The leaf is an osmotic pump
0:12:42 First mathematical model
0:14:24 Later mathematical model
0:15:14 Phloem models are complex
0:15:54 Resistor model for phloem flow speed
0:18:09 Optimal design of an osmotic pump
0:22:04 Physical limits to leaf size
0:22:59 Theophrastus, 350 BC
0:26:22 The global spectrum of plant form and function
0:27:55 Resistor model for phloem flow speed
0:28:56 limits to leaf size
0:30:29 Upper limits to leaf size
0:31:07 Lower limits to leaf size
0:35:09 Can we engineer plants that produce more sugar?
0:36:09 Drawing ''blood'' from a plant
0:36:41 Plants treat fluorescein as sugar!
0:38:04 Confocal Microscope – Photobleaching
0:38:58 Microfluid model
0:39:58 Plant sugar concentration
0:41:23 Sugar flow in plants
0:42:38 Sugar mass flow
0:42:56 Plants are optimized for efficient transport
0:43:54 Crop plants have highest concentration
0:44:40 iPhloem 2017
Transport Phenomena in the Biosphere
The term “biosphere” is the place on the Earth’s surface where life dwells. Since its inception in 1875, this concept launched one of the most ambitious interdisciplinary collaborative efforts in science as it forged partnerships between atmospheric sciences, biology, chemistry, climate, earth sciences, ecology, engineering, geology, geography, hydrology, mathematics, and physics.This course covers fundamentals and principles of air and water movement within the biosphere. It elaborates on key applications spanning subsurface water movement, the soil-plant system, xylem-phloem water movement, overland flow, the hyporheic zone and adjacent stream flow, and air flow in the lower atmosphere. The common theme weaving all the lectures is that fluid flow exerts significant controls on the form and function of the biosphere.
The talks were recorded during the MICMoR Summer School “Transport Phenomena and the Limits of Life in the Biosphere”, held at KIT/IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, from 9th-18th August 2017. (picture: Gabriel Katul, Duke University)
