The term “biosphere” is the place on the Earth’s surface where life dwells. Since its inception in 1875, this concept launched one of the most ambitious interdisciplinary collaborative efforts in science as it forged partnerships between atmospheric sciences, biology, chemistry, climate, earth sciences, ecology, engineering, geology, geography, hydrology, mathematics, and physics.This course covers fundamentals and principles of air and water movement within the biosphere. It elaborates on key applications spanning subsurface water movement, the soil-plant system, xylem-phloem water movement, overland flow, the hyporheic zone and adjacent stream flow, and air flow in the lower atmosphere. The common theme weaving all the lectures is that fluid flow exerts significant controls on the form and function of the biosphere.
The talks were recorded during the MICMoR Summer School “Transport Phenomena and the Limits of Life in the Biosphere”, held at KIT/IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, from 9th-18th August 2017. (picture: Gabriel Katul, Duke University)
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The term “biosphere” is the place on the Earth’s surface where life dwells. Since its inception in 1875, this concept launched one of the most ambitious interdisciplinary collaborative efforts in science as it forged partnerships between atmospheric sciences, biology, chemistry, climate, earth sciences, ecology, engineering, geology, geography, hydrology, mathematics, and physics.This course covers fundamentals and principles of air and water movement within the biosphere. It elaborates on key applications spanning subsurface water movement, the soil-plant system, xylem-phloem water movement, overland flow, the hyporheic zone and adjacent stream flow, and air flow in the lower atmosphere. The common theme weaving all the lectures is that fluid flow exerts significant controls on the form and function of the biosphere.
The talks were recorded during the MICMoR Summer School “Transport Phenomena and the Limits of Life in the Biosphere”, held at KIT/IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, from 9th-18th August 2017. (picture: Gabriel Katul, Duke University)
04: Biosphere-Atmosphere Exchange: From kinetic theory to the limits of plant life, 10.08.2017
Transport Phenomena in the Biosphere
1 hour 29 minutes 20 seconds
7 years ago
04: Biosphere-Atmosphere Exchange: From kinetic theory to the limits of plant life, 10.08.2017
04 |
0:00:00 Start
0:00:59 Collaborators
0:02:12 Introduction
0:03:09 Evaporation: A Molecular Perspective
0:05:57 From ‘Molecular‘ to ‘Turbulence‘
0:07:59 Bringing in the energy
0:10:38 Combination equation and thermal stratification effects
0:11:34 Bringing in the plants
0:13:35 Stomata and the climate system
0:15:08 Stomata and climate
0:16:21 Stomata and the climate system
0:18:37 Droughts and Forest Mortality
0:19:38 Water transport theories
0:22:45 Question:
0:23:38 Hypothesis for each system
0:27:03 Leaf gas – exchange equations
0:28:53 Contemporary empirical formulations
0:30:37 Widely used in climate models
0:32:25 Optimization model (Lan Cowan)
0:35:27 Optimization model
0:36:55 Linearized biochemical demand function
0:39:55 Optimization model
0:41:22 Recovery of empirical models
0:43:49 Stomatal responses to vapor pressure deficit: Is the D^-1/2 consistent with literature responses?
0:45:29 Stomatal responses to vapor pressure deficit: Is the D^-1/2 reasonable?
0:45:53 Optimization models (Linear form)
0:47:28 Apparent feed – forward mechanism
0:52:36 Optimization models and apparent feed–forward mechanism
0:53:24 Apparent feed–forward mechanism
0:53:53 Apparent feed–forward mechanism for Rubisco–limited Photosynthesis
0:55:27 Apparent feed-forward mechanism: Revisiting Bunce(1997) data
0:56:20 More on the onset of apparent feedforward mechanism
0:58:44 Revise to accommodate mesophyll
1:00:34 Linearized formulation
1:03:02 Model results
1:04:02 How to specify λ for a fluctuation water supply?
1:04:48 Plausibility argument for a constant λ on short times
1:09:01 Single dry–down time scale
1:11:17 Konrad et al. 2008: Determine λww from Stomatal pore geometry and diffusion
1:11:50 Hydraulic transport
1:12:51 Maximum hydraulic transport
1:22:16 Sugar mass transport in Phloem
1:24:14 Optimal sugar concentration
1:25:20 Putting it all together – coordination
1:26:28 Conclusions and Future Directions
1:27:49 Future Directions
Transport Phenomena in the Biosphere
The term “biosphere” is the place on the Earth’s surface where life dwells. Since its inception in 1875, this concept launched one of the most ambitious interdisciplinary collaborative efforts in science as it forged partnerships between atmospheric sciences, biology, chemistry, climate, earth sciences, ecology, engineering, geology, geography, hydrology, mathematics, and physics.This course covers fundamentals and principles of air and water movement within the biosphere. It elaborates on key applications spanning subsurface water movement, the soil-plant system, xylem-phloem water movement, overland flow, the hyporheic zone and adjacent stream flow, and air flow in the lower atmosphere. The common theme weaving all the lectures is that fluid flow exerts significant controls on the form and function of the biosphere.
The talks were recorded during the MICMoR Summer School “Transport Phenomena and the Limits of Life in the Biosphere”, held at KIT/IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, from 9th-18th August 2017. (picture: Gabriel Katul, Duke University)
