Around 50% of patients eligible for anticoagulation treatment do not meet the usual inclusion criteria for randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Dr Marc Carrier joins Dr Barnes for a discussion of three recent RCTs with a pragmatic approach – CANVAS, RENOVE, and ONCO PE – and how these have addressed important questions about the clinical approach to CAT, including how long to continue direct oral anticoagulation (DOAC) treatment and whether to reduce the dose.