In this episode Greg Gillum breaks down a new HBR study showing that foundational "soft" skills—like communication, adaptability, teamwork and basic numeracy—form the backbone of long-term career success. The researchers map a nested skill structure and find that roughly 80% of the wage benefits from advanced skills depend on these core capabilities.The episode explains skill entrapment and its role in persistent inequities, and gives five practical steps you can use today: audit your foundational skills, practice nested learning, integrate soft skills into daily routines, mentor early-career colleagues, and advocate for systemic training that prioritizes fundamentals.