
Amidst a shifting political landscape in early 2025, major banks are privately anticipating catastrophic climate change exceeding Paris Agreement targets, even as many American institutions publicly retreat from climate alliances due to legal and political pressures. This divergence contrasts with European banks, which largely maintain their climate commitments and demonstrate greater readiness for climate adaptation. Central banks globally show varied approaches to climate risks, often influenced by national political agendas rather than solely by economic assessments. Consequently, the future of sustainable finance involves adapting to higher warming scenarios and reshaping climate finance initiatives, with COP30 serving as a crucial juncture for international commitment.