In this part 3 of 3 episode, we talk about the final type of shock.

Sources

• https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-shock/basics/art-20056620#:~:text=Shock%20is%20a%20critical%20condition,getting%20enough%20blood%20or%20oxygen.

• https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6323133/#s2

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513297/

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470316/#:~:text=In%20distributive%20shock%2C%20systemic%20vasodilation,further%20complicating%20the%20clinical%20picture.

• https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/cardiogenic-shock

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482255/

• https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.119.011991

• https://www.ambulance.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/219022/cpg_cardiogenic-shock.pdf

• https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/485333#:~:text=The%20mechanism%20of%20cardiac%20arrest,rises%20and%20cardiogenic%20shock%20ensues.

• https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11266805/#:~:text=Etiologically%2C%20obstructive%20shock%20is%20caused,a%20very%20high%20PEEP%20level . • https://www.osmosis.org/answers/obstructive-shock

Part 2 of 3 talking about the different prehospital types of pathophysiological shock.

• https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-shock/basics/art-20056620#:~:text=Shock%20is%20a%20critical%20condition,getting%20enough%20blood%20or%20oxygen.

• https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6323133/#s2

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513297/

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470316/#:~:text=In%20distributive%20shock%2C%20systemic%20vasodilation,further%20complicating%20the%20clinical%20picture.

• https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/cardiogenic-shock

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482255/

• https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.119.011991

• https://www.ambulance.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/219022/cpg_cardiogenic-shock.pdf

• https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/485333#:~:text=The%20mechanism%20of%20cardiac%20arrest,rises%20and%20cardiogenic%20shock%20ensues.

• https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11266805/#:~:text=Etiologically%2C%20obstructive%20shock%20is%20caused,a%20very%20high%20PEEP%20level . • https://www.osmosis.org/answers/obstructive-shock

Part 1 of 3 talking about the different prehospital types of pathophysiological shock.

Sources

• https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-shock/basics/art-20056620#:~:text=Shock%20is%20a%20critical%20condition,getting%20enough%20blood%20or%20oxygen.

• https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6323133/#s2

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513297/

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470316/#:~:text=In%20distributive%20shock%2C%20systemic%20vasodilation,further%20complicating%20the%20clinical%20picture.

• https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/cardiogenic-shock

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482255/

• https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.119.011991

• https://www.ambulance.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0016/219022/cpg_cardiogenic-shock.pdf

• https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/485333#:~:text=The%20mechanism%20of%20cardiac%20arrest,rises%20and%20cardiogenic%20shock%20ensues.

• https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11266805/#:~:text=Etiologically%2C%20obstructive%20shock%20is%20caused,a%20very%20high%20PEEP%20level .

• https://www.osmosis.org/answers/obstructive-shock

In this Crib Chat episode, we talk about a widely used tool in prehospital care, the glasgow coma scale.

In this episode Steph discusses a case study and pathophysiology around cellulitis, a common presentation in the prehospital environment.

Sources:

• https://www.ambulance.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0021/219045/cpg_cellulitus.pdf
• https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cellulitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20370762
• https://www.healthline.com/health/cellulitis#fa-qs
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549770/

This episode was made in conjunction to last week's episode 'Anaphylaxis and severe allergies'. We discuss the pharmacology of adrenaline in a paramedic scope.

Sources:

1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/sympathomimetic-drug
2. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/sympathomimetic
3. https://study.com/learn/lesson/alpha-beta-receptors.html
4. https://www.ambulance.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0025/219319/DTP_Adrenaline-epinephrine.pdf
5. https://pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/#:~:text=Review%20of%20the%20literature%20shows,that%20another%20important%20fraction%20is
6. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/22611-epinephrine-adrenaline

In our first pathophysiology episode for the year, I talk about a brief case study relating to an anaphylactic presentation and the pathophysiology.

Sources:

1. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/135065-overview#a3
2. https://www.ambulance.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/219043/cpg_anaphylaxis-and-allergy.pdf
3.  https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/capillary-permeability#:~:text=An%20increase%20in%20capillary%20permeability,fluid%20in%20the%20interstitial%20compartment.
4.  https://www.allergy.org.au/hp/anaphylaxis/adrenaline-injector-prescription

Plans for 2025, catchup from the holidays and reintroduction for new listeners.

Part 2 of 2 discusses CPD (continued professional development) and [the well awaited] "wildest story as a paramedic".

Join me as I sit down with Victorian MICA flight paramedic, Cat Mackay. In this part 1 of 2 episode, we talk all things MICA application process, training and aspects to the job.

Part 2 to be released mid next week.

In part 2, George talks about her ebook 'Shift Work - a guide', discussing the acute and accumulative psychological and physiological effects of shift work.

TW: Mental health, PTSD

Lifeline : 13 11 14

Beyond Blue : 1300 22 4636

I had the pleasure of interviewing George Mitchell, prior rural paramedic with the New South Wales Ambulance, and current naturopathic student. In part 1, she discusses her journey into paramedicine.

TW: Mental health, PTSD

Lifeline : 13 11 14

Beyond Blue : 1300 22 4636

TW: Suicide, homicide, self harm, mental health

In part 2, Emily details her experience as a paramedic at an open-cut mine in Northern Queensland, the struggles the mining industry faces and her future career objectives.

Lifeline : 13 11 14

Beyond Blue : 1300 22 4636

I interview one of my best mates, Emily Lydeamore-Walker, as she recounts her journey to become a mine-site paramedic in Northern Queensland. In part 1, she details her university experience and her London Ambulance Service Exchange program.

TW: Mental health, suicide, self harm.

This part 2 of 2 episode dives into the mental status assessment (MSA), sedation assessment tool (SAT) and emergency examination authorities (EEA).

TW: Mental health, suicide, self harm.

In this episode, we do a deep dive into the methods of de-escalation, and also the types of questions to ask a mental health patient.

YIKES! What's worse than having a UTI? Nothing, I say!

This episode dives into a case and pathophysiology of a UTI.

Sources:

• https://www.yalemedicine.org/news/urinary-tract-infection-uti#:~:text=Women%20likely%20experience%20UTIs%20significantly,travel%20to%20reach%20the%20bladder.
• https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/24400-nitrite-positive-urine
• https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/urinary-tract-infection/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353453
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470195/

New kid on the block! In this episode, I'm discussing the brand new drug introduced to the ACP2 scope in Queensland, Cefazolin.

Sources:

• https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01327

• https://www.ambulance.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/219141/cpg_limb-injury.pdf

• https://www.ambulance.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0027/308835/DTP_Cefazolin.pdf

• https://www.mims.com/philippines/drug/info/cefazolin?mtype=generic#:~:text=Mechanism%20of%20Action%3A%20Cefazolin%2C%20a,and%20causing%20eventual%20bacterial%20lysis.

In this episode we discuss the concepts of DCR, in addressing the components of the lethal triad; hypothermia, acidosis and coagulopathy.

We would love to hear your thoughts!

Sources:

• Damage Control Resuscitation - Joint Trauma System. (2023). Health.mil. https://jts.health.mil/index.cfm/PI_CPGs/damage_control

• Yasumitsu, M. (2017). Damage control resuscitation: a practical approach for severely hemorrhagic patients and its effects on trauma surgery. Journal of Intensive Care, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40560-016-0197-5 

• Queensland Ambulance Service. (2022). CPG Abdominal Trauma. QAS. https://www.ambulance.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/219132/cpg_abdominal-trauma.pdf

• Leibner, E., Andreae, M., Galvagno, S. M., & Scalea, T. (2020). Damage Control Resuscitation. Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine, 7(1), 5–13. https://doi.org/10.15441/ceem.19.089

• Hooper, N., & Armstrong, T. J. (2022, September 26). Hemorrhagic Shock. Nih.gov; StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470382/

‌

This is part 2 of 2, discussing the second acute aortic syndrome presentation, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).

Sources:

• Tsai, T. T., Nienaber, C. A., & Eagle, K. A. (2005). Acute Aortic Syndromes. Circulation, 112(24), 3802–3813. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.105.534198
• Acute Aortic Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms &Treatment. (2022, October 5). Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24247-acute-aortic-syndrome
• (US), M. (2024). Aneurysm or Dissection of the Aorta and Peripheral Arteries. Nih.gov; National Academies Press (US). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK209982/#:~:text=Develop%20the%20definitions%20for%20aneurysm,rest%20of%20the%20arterial%20wall.
• Abdominal aortic aneurysm - Symptoms and causes. (2023). Mayo Clinic; https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm/symptoms-causes/syc-20350688
• Shaw, P. M., Loree, J., & Gibbons, R. C. (2024, February 27). Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Nih.gov; StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470237/
• Abdominal aortic aneurysm. (2022). Mount Sinai Health System. https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/abdominal-aortic-aneurysm
• Khanh, H. (2024, September 30). Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications. Medscape.com; Medscape. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1979501-clinical?&icd=login_success_email_match_fpf#b2

Khanh, H. (2024, September 30). Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications. Medscape.com; Medscape. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1979501-clinical?&icd=login_success_email_match_fpf#b2