Welcome to episode 96 of the Audio PANCE and PANRE PA board review podcast.



Today is part five of this fabulous five-part series with Joe Gilboy PA-C, all about cardiac murmurs. In this week’s episode of the Audio PANCE and PANRE podcast, we continue our discussion of cardiac murmurs with a focus on Mitral Valve Prolapse (MPV) and Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM).



We’ll cover the ins and outs of these two NCCPA content blueprint murmurs and learn how to identify and differentiate them from other types of murmurs.



If you haven’t already, make sure to listen to our previous podcast episodes where we covered tricuspid stenosis, aortic valve murmurs, mitral valve murmurs, and pulmonic valve murmurs.



HOCM and MVP (a brief introduction)







Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is a cardiac abnormality that leads to the muscle in the wall of the heart growing and thickening to the point that it blocks blood flow exiting the heart.



The condition can be mild or severe, and it can lead to a variety of symptoms, including shortness of breath, chest pain, and irregular heartbeat. Complications may include heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, and sudden cardiac death.



HOCM is a hereditary condition, and it is usually diagnosed in adulthood. There is no cure for HOCM, but treatments are available to manage the symptoms and help reduce the risk of complications. With proper care, people with HOCM can live long and healthy lives.



*Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is covered under the PANCE cardiology content blueprint -> cardiomyopathy -> hypertrophic cardiomyopathy



HOCM is also covered as part of the PAEA EOR pediatric rotation -> cardiovascular topic list -> hypertrophic cardiomyopathy







Mitral Valve Prolapse (MPV) is a condition in which the leaflets of the mitral valve bulge or prolapse back into the left atrium during systole. This may cause blood to flow backward into the left atrium, leading to a heart murmur.



In some cases, MPV may also cause symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, chest pain, and shortness of breath.



While MPV is usually benign, it can occasionally lead to serious complications such as heart failure or stroke.



Treatment for MPV typically involves lifestyle modification and...