This is episode two of three in the Bioarchaeology, the past, present, and future series. This episode, Assessing the Present, builds off the previous episode's discussion on the methods bioarchaeologists use, and presents some of the newer, developing methods and technologies that are shaping current research in the field. This episode also dives into some of the important ethical considerations surrounding this type of research, and specifically discusses this as it relates to Native American groups and descendants.

Additionally, this episode features interviews with several bioarchaeologists: Dr. Haagen Klaus, Dr. Amy Anderson, Dr. Gwen Robbins Schug, and PhD student Meg Hardie.

The cover art was designed and created by Jona Schlegel. Follow her on instragam @archaeoink or check out her website https://jonaschlegel.com/

References:

Agarwal, S. C. (2024). The bioethics of skeletal anatomy collections from India. Nature Communications, 15 (1), 1692. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-45738-6

Anderson, A. (2022). Skeletal indicators of early life stress: Insights into cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis in a living subsistence population. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Santa Barbara. 

Anderson, A. S., Sutherland, M. L., O’Donnell, L., Hill, E. C., Hunt, D. R., Blackwell, A. D., & Gurven, M. D. (2021). Do computed tomography findings agree with traditional osteological examination? The case of porous cranial lesions. International Journal of Paleopathology, 33, 209–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2021.04.008

Boldsen, J. L., Milner, G. R., Konigsberg, L. W., and Wood, J. W. (2002). Transition analysis: A new method for estimating age from skeletons. In R. D. Hoppa and J. W. Vaupel (Eds.), Paleodemography (1st ed., pp. 73–106). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511542428.005

Brooks, S., and Suchey, J. M. (1990). Skeletal age determination based on the os pubis: a comparison of the Acsádi-Nemeskéri and Suchey-Brooks methods. Human Evolution, 5, 227-238.

Colwell, C. (2019). Plundered Skulls and Stolen Spirits: Inside the fight to reclaim native america's culture. University of Chicago Press.

Rasmussen, M., Li, Y., Lindgreen, S. et al. (2010). Ancient human genome sequence of an extinct Palaeo-Eskimo. Nature. 463, 757–762.

Robbins Schug, G., Killgrove, K., Atkin, A., & Baron, K. (2021). 3D Dead: Ethical Considerations in Digital Human Osteology. Bioarchaeology International, 4(3–4). https://doi.org/10.5744/bi.2020.3008

Schug, G. R. (2020). A Bioarchaeology of Climate and Environmental Change. In G. R. Schug (Ed.), The Routledge Handbook of the Bioarchaeology of Climate and Environmental Change (1st ed., pp. 1–16). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351030465-1

Stewart, N. A., Gerlach, R. F., Gowland, R. L., Gron, K. J., & Montgomery, J. (2017). Sex determination of human remains from peptides in tooth enamel. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(52), 13649–13654.