The Supreme Court just launched its new term earlier this month, with an agenda packed full of consequential cases that could shape American policies on equality, presidential authority, and constitutional rights for years to come. At the heart of the current debate is the controversial use of the so-called “shadow docket.” According to PBS NewsHour and legal commentators at the D.C. Bar’s annual Supreme Court Review, this emergency process lets the justices act quickly, often without oral arguments or detailed opinions. Critics from The New York Times and national commentators argue that these shadow docket orders—frequently requested by the current administration—have become increasingly common and more politically charged, especially in matters involving immigration, transgender rights, and executive power.

Listeners, you can expect headline-grabbing arguments over President Trump’s ability to impose tariffs, a contested move now being tested in Learning Resources v. Trump. CBS News and Sullivan & Cromwell’s legal team report that this matter centers on whether the International Emergency Economic Powers Act really allows the president such broad tariff authority based on tenuous national security links, with oral arguments scheduled for early November.

Equality is front and center, too. NPR, Inside Higher Ed, and AFRO American Newspapers note that the justices will soon decide whether laws barring transgender students from participating on teams matching their gender identity are constitutional. The United States has formally opposed these bans, which represent a crucial test of civil rights in education. At the same time, campaign finance remains under scrutiny, with cases like National Republican Senatorial Committee v. Federal Election Commission challenging restrictions on how candidates and parties coordinate spending, raising major First Amendment questions. These topics will be vital as states like Michigan face Justice Department lawsuits over withholding personal voter data—and the Supreme Court could become the final arbiter in these electoral disputes.

Voting rights continue to draw fierce attention. According to ABC News and SCOTUSblog, Louisiana v. Callais will be argued this week, determining the legal status of Louisiana’s creation of a second Black majority congressional district under the Voting Rights Act. This core provision, designed to ensure minority voting power, is facing a major Republican-backed challenge, and the court’s response could have ripple effects across southern states in the lead-up to the 2026 election.

Listeners should also watch for key decisions on environmental issues and property rights. Major oil firms like Chevron and Exxon Mobil, according to AP and local reports, are seeking Supreme Court relief to relocate lawsuits alleging coastal destruction from state to federal court. Additionally, disputes over property confiscation in Cuba test Fifth Amendment protections related to the takings clause.

The last few days have seen deep divisions among the federal judiciary concerning how the Supreme Court is managing emergency orders. The New York Times shared that a substantial number of federal judges believe the Supreme Court’s handling of these brief, opaque orders—mostly on Trump administration policies—has been “overly blunt, demoralizing, and troubling,” signaling rising tensions between lower courts and the justices.

Meanwhile, the Supreme Court is preparing to hear arguments this Wednesday on emergency search and seizure powers—specifically, whether law enforcement can enter a home without a warrant based on less than probable cause—as well as racial redistricting related to the Voting Rights Act.

And in ongoing news, a major test case involving Colorado’s professional counseling law was debated last week. The justices vigorously questioned whether states can regulate professional speech about...