Paradigms. In 1596, John Harington, the godson of Queen Elizabeth I and a Royal courtier invented the first water closet, giving the Elizabethans the chance to go to a proper toilet for the first time. So centuries on, why do men continue to stand up when going to the toilet which is designed to be sat down on? In this episode, Colin explores the in-depth subject of paradigms and the curiosity about why people get stuck in belief systems.