Edgar Dale was a prominent proponent of the use of instructional media for better learning experiences. His 1946 book Audiovisual Methods in Teaching, presents the Cone of Experience, an audiovisual instructional model. Dale's Cone of Experience (CoE) is a visual representation of different types of learning experiences, arranged in the form of a cone. The cone consists of various levels of learning experiences, ranging from low-level experiences such as reading and listening to high-level experiences such as direct, hands-on participation. As anything else in the education and instructional design spheres, The CoE has been misunderstood and misrepresented by many in the Internet, turning it into a learning retention model for it which was never supposed to represent. This episode breaks down the real intent and value of Dale's CoE.
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SOURCES
Bruner, J. S. (1964). The course of cognitive growth. American psychologist, 19(1), 1.
https://lchcautobio.ucsd.edu/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Bruner-1974-Course-of-cognitive-growth.pdf
Dale, E. (1969) Audiovisual Methods of Teaching
https://archive.org/details/audiovisualmetho0000dale
Janoska, L. (2017)
https://elearningindustry.com/cone-of-experience-what-really-is
Wagner, R. W. (1970) Edgar Dale: Professional
https://readinghalloffame.org/sites/default/files/deceased_member_files/dale_by_wagner.pdf
Yee, S. L., et, al. (2023)
https://doi.org/10.3390/virtualworlds2010003