In our second episode of “STEMTalk With STEMEncounters,” we venture into the world of Microstructure. Specifically, there is an approach to grain refinement theory and isotropy (processes that allow for uniformity and materials) with laser irradiance that allows for better materials like wires. Using lasers, ultrasonic waves, and electromagnetic forces, we can have uniformity among materials for better durability. We understand laser irradiance, what that is, what it allows, and what these more durable and more robust materials mean for the world.

We then learn about a new ‘whirling’ state of matter in an element in the periodic table: neodymium. Looking at the fantastic properties of neodymium as it behaves like a ‘self-induced spin glass,’ meaning it is composed of a rippled sea of many tiny whirling magnets circulating at different speeds and continually evolving. Understanding why it spins and behaves as it does could pave the way for new materials and advancements in artificial intelligence, with neodymium possibly being able to harness AI so that this material can perform brain-like tasks.

Finally, we discuss what the innovations in Materials Science and Engineering could mean for the world. How Materials Science and Engineering in objects, like the Neuralink, could revolutionize the modern world.