extensive, comparative analysis of two primary types of employee compensation: Incentive Stock Options (ISOs) and Nonqualified Stock Options (NSOs). The document uses a conversational, outline format to detail the crucial differences concerning tax treatment, emphasizing that ISOs offer significant potential tax advantages, such as long-term capital gains rates, but carry the risk of the Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT). Conversely, NSOs are described as more flexible for companies, can be granted to non-employees, and result in immediate ordinary income taxation upon exercise. The text systematically compares the requirements, risks, employer benefits (such as the company's tax deduction for NSOs), and holding period rules for both types of options.