This study compares osteitis condensans ilii (OCI) and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), focusing on their clinical, laboratory, and MRI characteristics. Researchers found that OCI predominantly affects women and lacks the inflammatory markers typical of axSpA. While both conditions can present with sacroiliac joint osteitis on MRI, OCI shows anterior localization and an absence of erosions, distinguishing it from axSpA. The study highlights the challenges in differentiating these conditions and emphasizes the need for comprehensive clinical and imaging assessment. The findings provide valuable information for the differential diagnosis of these two conditions.

This episode is based on Poddubnyy D, et al. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020;59(12):3798-3806.

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