In this episode of the Research Forward Podcast, host David Mayo sits down with Professor Paul Flecknell, a global authority on laboratory animal welfare, anesthesia, and pain management. With over four decades of experience, Professor Flecknell shares his journey from aspiring large-animal vet to pioneering researcher and educator in lab animal care. He discusses the critical importance of refining anesthesia and analgesia practices—not just for ethical reasons, but to improve the quality and reliability of scientific data. Whether you're a researcher, veterinarian, or simply curious about the ethics behind scientific discovery, you'll find valuable insights into how thoughtful care and modern technology can elevate both animal welfare and research quality. It's a powerful reminder that even small improvements in practice can lead to meaningful change.