The twelve disciples of Jesus each played unique and significant roles in the early Christian movement. Peter, known as the "Rock," was a foundational leader who denied Jesus three times but later became a key figure in the Church. His brother Andrew, one of the first disciples, was notable for bringing others to Jesus and is believed to have been martyred on an X-shaped cross. James (the Greater) was part of Jesus's inner circle and the first apostle to be martyred. John, the "beloved disciple," authored the Gospel of John and lived to an old age. Philip exhibited practical faith and evangelized in Samaria, while Bartholomew (Nathanael) recognized Jesus's divinity and is thought to have preached in India. Matthew, the tax collector, wrote the Gospel bearing his name and is seen as a patron of outcasts, whereas Thomas, known for his doubt, bravely spread the Gospel in India. James (the Less) took on a leadership role in the Jerusalem Church, and Thaddeus (Judas, son of James) asked meaningful questions during the Last Supper, later becoming an evangelist. Simon the Zealot represented the diverse backgrounds of the disciples, and Judas Iscariot is infamously remembered for betraying Jesus, ultimately leading to his tragic end. Each disciple contributed to the spread of Christianity, embodying a range of experiences and teachings that helped shape the faith.