The beginning of Ramadan is determined by the sighting of the crescent moon, but the process varies around the world depending on a variety of factors, including geographic location, traditions among different Muslim groups, and even weather conditions. The lack of a central authority among Muslims further increases this diversity in starting dates. Since the Islamic calendar follows the lunar cycle, not the solar calendar, Ramadan moves back 10-12 days each year in the Gregorian calendar. While fasting times are similar throughout the year in regions close to the equator, they vary significantly in summer and winter in regions closer to the poles. Despite all these differences, Ramadan is a spiritual period shared by all Muslims and strengthens social unity.

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