Professor Leandro Nardi studies pathways for achieving outstanding social and economic performance. He has examined the reasons for the persistently mediocre financial and social performance that can arise from CSR initiatives. Much of the problem has to do with the complications that arise with enfranchising the previously marginalized. Disabled persons, for example, are not rewarded with career advancement even after their inclusion in many companies. While the average company is not great at anticipating these consequences, truly outstanding companies distinguish themselves both financially and socially through creative long-term investments.