Management by Objectives (MBO) is a #management philosophy and system that aims to improve organizational performance by aligning individual and team goals with the overall objectives of the organization. It was first introduced by management theorist Peter Drucker in his 1954 book "The Practice of Management." The key elements of MBO include setting specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound (SMART) objectives, regular monitoring of progress, and providing feedback to employees. MBO is a method of coordinating and motivating all staff in an organization by dividing the overall aim into specific targets for each department, manager and employee. It can be a very effective way of delegating authority and motivating staff. MBO emphasizes the active involvement of #employees in the goal-setting process. Employees have a say in defining their individual #objectives, which creates a sense of ownership and commitment. The idea is to ensure that employees understand how their efforts contribute to the larger organizational #goals. MBO involves providing feedback to employees on their #performance. This #feedback helps employees understand how well they are progressing toward their objectives and where improvements can be made. It also facilitates communication between managers and employees.