The average CEO (or 'super manager') was paid as much as 320 times the average worker's salary in the US in 2020 - with similarly large disparities in the UK and other European countries.  In this episode, Rob and Karl discuss the ethics of executive pay with Sandy Pepper, Emeritus Professor of Management at the LSE and author of a new book, 'If You're So Ethical Why Are You So Highly Paid?'. Sandy has carried out original research on what top executives themselves believe about questions of justice, fairness and equality, arguing that considering their perspectives can enhance our understanding of 'market failures' in executive pay and how to fix them. The discussion also covers the fall and rise of inequality in the 20th and 21st centuries and the role of empirical research in philosophy.