Western countries are experiencing an explosion of gender dysphoria in our children.  Historically incidences of gender dysphoria were small and larger with preschool boys, yet the explosion in recent years has been in our teenage girls.  This significant change remains largely unexplained. There are two pathways to support these children. The therapeutic pathway and the medical pathway.  It is surprising and worrying that many children are opting for the medical pathway, which includes experimental puberty blockers, hormones and irreversible surgery.  All bring life long consequences Our Nation Today. 3 July, 2021