Aaron James's Assholes: A Theory presents a philosophical analysis of "asshole" behavior, arguing that it stems from an entrenched sense of moral entitlement.

The book explores this concept through various examples, ranging from historical figures like General MacArthur to contemporary personalities and situations in workplaces, politics, and even surfing. James develops a theory explaining why assholes are so irritating—they violate the principle of moral equality by refusing to acknowledge legitimate complaints.

The book also investigates broader societal factors, including the role of gender, the influence of certain capitalist systems ("asshole capitalism"), and the challenges of "asshole management."