When we think about modern Europe, we tend to think about Muslims as newcomers to the continent. Professor Emily Greble, chair of the history department at Vanderbilt University, turns the tables on this assumption. This episode looks at the Muslim communities that were living in southeastern Europe from the 1880s to the 1940s, as the imperial world collapsed and a new Europe made up of nation states emerged. More than a million Ottoman Muslims became citizens of new European states: indigenous men, women and children; merchants, peasants, and landowners; muftis and preachers; teachers and students; believers and non-believers from seaside port towns on the shores of the Adriatic to mountainous villages in the Balkans. Join us as we talk about how Muslim histories are European histories and how Muslims helped shape modern states and societies, laws, and the European project.