In this Episode we continue our discussion with Dr. Dennis Bier, former editor of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. We take a deeper dive into the certainty of evidence in contemporary applied nutrition research. Dr. Bier gives us an informed perspective on the use of causal vs associative language, observational vs interventional data, and how ethics can affect our approach to scientific research.   Thanks for listening, if you’d like to hear more episodes of Methodology Matters: A Podcast on Evidence-Based Nutrition, you can find at methodologymatters.podbean.com   Or you can find us on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, and on Google Podcasts.   And, if you’d like to learn more about Dr. Dennis Bier, you can find his faculty profile at the Baylor College of medicine’s website.   Thanks for tuning in; we’ll see you on the next episode of Methodology Matters, A Podcast on Evidence-Based Nutrition.