We explore the imminent shift in the digital economy from a defensive model, where websites block automated agents, to an open, transactional "agent economy." This transformation is driven by the realization that website content is a valuable capital good for AI models, leading to a move towards monetized access via APIs. We detail the unsustainable "arms race" between scrapers and blocking technologies, advocating for APIs as an economically rational solution to monetize information goods. It then introduces the rise of autonomous AI agents as new consumers, necessitating machine-centric API design, new platforms (marketplaces, A2A commerce), and evolving business models like Agent-as-a-Service and outcome-based pricing. Finally, We highlight critical challenges, including the need for a micropayment infrastructure, widespread standardization, and robust regulatory frameworks to address data privacy, intellectual property, and potential algorithmic collusion.