This episode provides an in-depth overview of various discourse analysis methodologies, with a particular focus on how language and communication shape social reality, power, and ideology. Foucauldian discourse analysis (FDA) is detailed, emphasising its focus on power relationships and its theoretical basis in Michel Foucault's work, including the concepts outlined in L'Ordre du discours regarding speech control and exclusion. Conversation Analysis (CA) is introduced as a method for studying social interaction through transcribed, naturally occurring conversations, shifting from casual talk to institutional settings. Finally, the episode provides a practical, multi-step toolbox for conducting qualitative discourse analysis, outlining systematic procedures like establishing context, exploring production processes, coding data, and examining linguistic and rhetorical mechanisms to analyse political and media texts.