In this episode, Andrew Sola and Tobias Brinkmann explore the history of the earliest Jews in the Colonies. Topics include the following: -The arrival in 1654 of the first Jewish ship in New Amsterdam, which was governed by Peter Stuyvesant (who is featured in the photo, arriving in New Amsterdam for the first time) -The story of Asser Levy, perhaps the first Jewish inhabitant of the North American colonies -The status of early Jews in Spanish, Dutch, and Portuguese colonies -Jew and Puritans in the Massachusetts Bay Colony -Roger Williams, the founder of Rhode Island, where religious freedom for Jews and Muslims was established -Newport, the first Jewish community in the American colonies -The involvement of Jews in the slave trade -George Washington's Letter to the Jews of Newport in 1790 (text below) "The Citizens of the United States of America have a right to applaud themselves for having given to mankind examples of an enlarged and liberal policy: a policy worthy of imitation. All possess alike liberty of conscience and immunities of citizenship It is now no more that toleration is spoken of, as if it was by the indulgence of one class of people, that another enjoyed the exercise of their inherent natural rights. For happily the Government of the United States, which gives to bigotry no sanction, to persecution no assistance requires only that they who live under its protection should demean themselves as good citizens, in giving it on all occasions their effectual support." Prof. Brinkmann's books are below: Between Borders: The Great Jewish Migration from Eastern Europe (Oxford UP, 2024) Sundays at Sinai: A Jewish Congregation in Chicago (U. of Chicago Press, 2012)