In this episode of our podcast, we explore the famous Japanese folktale of Issun-bōshi, the One-Inch Boy. Many know this story as an inspiring tale of a tiny hero who bravely rescues a princess and becomes a full-sized samurai. However, this podcast delves into the story's much darker origins. We will compare the modern, sanitized version with the original tale from the medieval Otogi-zōshi collection, which presents Issun-bōshi not as a hero, but as a cunning and ambitious trickster. This episode discusses how the original character manipulates his way into a noble household and frames the lord's daughter for a crime to force her into his possession. We examine the historical context of the Muromachi period, an era of social upheaval known as gekokujō ("the low overthrowing the high"), which helps explain the original story's cynical themes. The podcast also analyzes key symbols like the wish-granting Magic Mallet and the scholarly interpretations of folklorist Kunio Yanagita, who saw Issun-bōshi's smallness as a sign of divinity.