Episode 12 explores Zafarullah Khan's critique of traditional Islamic education, particularly the centuries-old Dars-i-Nizami syllabus taught in many Madaris. Drawing from Chapter 12 of Islam in the Contemporary World: A New Narrative, the episode argues that religious institutions have failed to evolve, leading to intellectual stagnation and disconnection from the modern world. Khan highlights the urgent need for reform—modernizing curricula, embracing critical thinking, promoting pluralism, and incorporating contemporary disciplines. The conversation also addresses the intolerance for differing opinions and the need to reconnect with youth through relevant and forward-looking education. This episode calls for a bold reimagining of Islamic learning that aligns with both faith and modern reality.