In Episode 11, we examine how the political principles of Islam—rooted in consultation (Shura) and popular sovereignty—were distorted over time. Drawing from Chapter 11 of Zafarullah Khan’s Islam in the Contemporary World: A New Narrative, this episode critiques the historical shift from the early Islamic model of participatory governance to authoritarian and hereditary rule. Khan argues that Islam was never meant to be a tool for despotism. Instead, it upholds the accountability of rulers to the people and the moral imperative of just governance. We discuss how reclaiming the Quranic vision of political consultation could empower modern Muslim societies to align governance with true Islamic ethics.