The following is a conversation with Professor Jack Gilbert, a professor at the University of California, San Diego, along with his many other very interesting titles and job roles. This includes the co-founder of the Earth Microbiome Project, the American Gut Project, and also featured in the very popular recent Netflix documentary, Hack Your Health. He is a master of the microbiome. We covered all aspects of the microbiome, the ocean, the soil, how it could impact climate change, and gut health, responses to drugs. Takeaways The microbiome has a significant impact on various aspects of our health, including gut health, responses to drugs, and even climate change. A diverse and healthy diet, with a focus on consuming a variety of plants, is crucial for promoting a beneficial microbiome. Understanding the dynamic nature of the microbiome and its mechanisms is essential for developing effective therapies. Changing behaviours and promoting adherence to therapies and dietary recommendations can be challenging, but finding solutions that align with our culture can help overcome these barriers. Probiotics and the microbiome have the potential to improve human health and address environmental challenges. Quantifying the microbiome is crucial for understanding its role in health and disease. Urgent action is needed to address climate change, and microbiology can play a role in improving soil health and mitigating its effects. The gut-brain axis is an important area of research, and microbiome-based therapies show promise for mental health. 00:00 Introduction to Professor Jack Gilbert and his work 02:20 The impact of the microbiome on climate change 04:16 The role of diet in promoting a beneficial microbiome 07:03 Precision ecology: Understanding the dynamic nature of the microbiome 09:23 Challenges and solutions in promoting behaviour change for microbiome health 17:52 The importance of time in studying the microbiome 30:08 Parallels and commonalities between different microbiomes 39:19 The future of microbiome research and therapies 44:59 Probiotic Building Materials 48:33 Revolutionizing Microbiome Sample Collection 56:55 Microbiome-Based Therapies for IVF Success 01:09:29 Addressing Climate Change through Microbiology 01:19:21 Urgent Action and Application of Microbial Therapies 01:23:01 The Gut-Brain Axis and Mental Health