In this episode of the House of Dissent podcast, we delve into the significant contributions of Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer from the Frankfurt School to the field of mass media communication research. We explore the misunderstood origins of media criticism, revealing how writers predating the Frankfurt School like Soren Kierkegaard, Karl Kraus, and Upton Sinclair contributed to early radical mass media criticism. The episode further dissects the critiques levied by Adorno and Horkheimer in their famous work, The Dialectics of Enlightenment, which challenged the Enlightenment era’s promise of rational liberation and its unexpected role in the rise of fascism and consumer society. Discussions also cover the Frankfurt School’s critical theory as a transformative social force aiming to challenge dominant cultural narratives imposed by capitalist mass production. Furthermore, insights from Hanno Hardt’s writings on the aesthetic dimensions of criticism and the transformative potential of art are discussed, presenting art as an individual counter-narrative against commodified mass culture. The episode sheds light on how critical theory has influenced contemporary media criticism and its role in advocating for social justice and change.