India may be the world’s seventh-largest country with the largest population, but when it comes to helicopters, the numbers tell a surprising story—just 270 helicopters serve over 1.4 billion people. In this episode of Hangar X, host John Ramstead sits down with Air Marshal (Retd.) Anil Butola, President of the Rotary Wing Society of India (RWSI) and former Indian Air Force test pilot, to unpack the state of India’s helicopter and vertical lift industry. From his 42-year career in the Indian Air Force to leading efforts to reform civil aviation regulations, Air Marshal Butola shares unique insights into India’s helicopter challenges, opportunities, and the emerging role of EVTOLs and advanced air mobility. This episode dives into the regulatory hurdles, infrastructure gaps, and the bold vision for India’s vertical flight future. Whether you’re an aviation professional, policymaker, or simply curious about the next frontier in aerospace, this conversation delivers insider perspectives on the future of vertical lift in one of the world’s fastest-growing economies. ✈️ Episode Highlights India’s surprisingly small civilian helicopter fleet compared to its size and population. The critical role of RWSI in shaping policy and industry growth. Current helicopter applications: offshore oil & gas, pilgrimage routes, charters. Challenges in law enforcement, emergency medical services, and air ambulance use. How fiscal and regulatory hurdles limit industry growth. The promise—and roadblocks—of EVTOL adoption in India. Why RWSI is pushing for a dedicated Helicopter Directorate under DGCA. Air Marshal Butola’s personal journey from fighter pilot and test pilot to industry advocate. ⏱️ Key Points with Timestamps [00:00:03] India’s helicopter gap: only 270 helicopters for the world’s largest population. [00:01:55] Transitioning from 42 years in uniform to civilian life. [00:02:56] Joining the Rotary Wing Society of India and becoming its President. [00:04:03] RWSI’s role in policy influence and working with regulators.