
In our latest episode, we sat down with Amanda van Dyke, Founder of Critical Minerals Hub Plc, for Part Two of our deep dive into natural vs synthetic graphite.
In this episode, we discussed:
• US tariffs on China: US anode suppliers proved China was unfairly dumping and subsidising, leading to new tariffs aimed at levelling the playing field.
• Cost manipulation: Five years ago, synthetic CSPG cost over $20,000/t to produce versus ~$11,000/t from natural. China suddenly claimed to halve synthetic costs without evidence - what Amanda called “fudging the numbers.”
• Catching up is possible: Anode production “is not nuclear fission” - the West can absolutely catch up if it invests in technology and supply chains.
• Permitting challenges: Mining timelines have stretched from ~5 years to 16 - 18 years, with red tape the main obstacle. Without faster permitting, investment and policy support won’t translate into new mines.
• Policies with no teeth: EU and US critical mineral policies remain broad statements without enforcement.
• Responsible mining: Opposition should not be based on ideology alone; if a mine can be built responsibly, it should be permitted without endless delays.
The overall theme is that unless governments cut red tape and enforce faster permitting, the West will struggle to build competitive supply chains outside China.
Published 20 August 2025
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