These sources offer a multi-faceted analysis of a potential nuclear conflict between Russia and European NATO members without direct US involvement. They examine Europe's weakened deterrence capabilities, highlighting its deficit in nuclear arsenal, missile defense, and conventional forces compared to Russia's quantitative and technological superiority. The texts also incorporate Sergei Lavrov's and Vladimir Putin's statements since 2022, interpreting them as warnings against Western provocations and NATO expansion, which Russia perceives as existential threats. Furthermore, the sources explore the hypothetical consequences of such a conflict, including the likelihood and impact of a "mild nuclear winter" (or "nuclear autumn") and how it could indirectly compel US intervention due to global ramifications, ultimately questioning the fragility and potential "uselessness" of NATO's extended deterrence for Europe in a limited nuclear exchange.