Across the United States in the final days of September 2025, geologic monitoring reflected a period of heightened concern for both natural events and resource challenges. In the western states, the United States Geological Survey reported that the Geysers geothermal field south of Clear Lake in California experienced 83 small earthquakes with magnitudes over one point zero, the largest registering two point three. The Sierra Nevada region, south of Mammoth Mountain, had six measurable earthquakes, and minor seismic activity was also seen in the Coso Volcanic Field and near the Salton Buttes. These events, while within typical ranges, reinforce the continuous tectonic movement and volcanic potential characteristic of California’s active geologic zones according to the United States Geological Survey.
The Yellowstone Caldera in Wyoming showed one notable earthquake swarm late in September, consisting of sixteen minor quakes about fourteen miles southwest of Mammoth Hot Springs. Ground deformation data indicates slight uplift since late May, mostly linked to seasonal changes from snowmelt and variations in groundwater, continuing the broader trend of slow subsidence observed since 2015. The Yellowstone Volcano Observatory, a partnership between the United States Geological Survey and several academic agencies, continues to monitor seismicity and ground movement in this geologically significant region, ensuring any early warning for volcanic unrest is available to the public. Overall, Yellowstone’s earthquake and volcanic activity for September remains at background levels as reported by the United States Geological Survey.
On the East Coast, the most impactful geologic news is the severe and ongoing drought affecting nearly the entire Northeast. According to the National Integrated Drought Information System, record-low streamflows and declining groundwater have led to a rapid increase in dry residential and agricultural wells across Vermont and New Hampshire. Many well drillers are overbooked, delaying new wells into the next spring. In addition to the stress on public water supplies, hydropower generation has been sharply curtailed in northern New England. A hazardous algal bloom developed in the Hudson River near Kingston, New York, prompting warnings to avoid consumption of surface water and reports of high sodium content in tap water for the Hudson Valley. New Hampshire’s largest lakes are now well below their seasonal average, with Lake Winnipesaukee nearly eight inches low and Lake Sunapee over seventeen inches beneath full pond. Ninety-two public water systems across the region have imposed outdoor watering restrictions, directly affecting around two hundred thousand people. Wildfire risk remains high, with New Hampshire and Vermont instituting statewide burn bans, and above-average wildfire activity has been reported by the Maine Forest Service.
Globally, geoscientists convened at the World Congress on Geology and Earth Science in Berlin, Germany on September twenty-ninth and thirtieth. This event featured research on geomechanical simulation, environmental geosciences, and geological hazard assessment among other topics, with participants from United States universities presenting work on ground water quality, seismic modeling, and emerging geologic risks, underscoring the frequent interplay between geologic events and human systems in both regional and global settings.
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