
Petra is an ancient city that goes back to the 4th century B.C. and is located in modern-day Jordan. The ruins of the once-great metropolis and commerce center are now an important archaeological site and a popular tourist destination. Petra is around 150 miles south of both Jerusalem and Amman, Jordan's capital, and about halfway between Damascus, Syria, and the Red Sea, making it a perfect location for a trade center in the region. Petra is surrounded by mountains with passageways and canyons and is half-built, half-carved into the rock. Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt in his travel diaries, described the ruins of the once-great metropolis. When Petra was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985, the Jordanian authorities forcibly evicted the Petra Bedouin tribe's residents who had constructed homes amid the city's remaining ruins.