This episode explores the mysterious Nazca Lines in Peru—massive geoglyphs of animals, plants, and geometric shapes etched into the desert between 500 BCE and 500 CE. We discuss their creation by removing the desert’s dark stones to reveal lighter soil, their incredible preservation, and competing theories about their purpose—from ritual pathways for rain ceremonies and astronomical markers to the controversial idea of alien landing strips. Highlights include the enigmatic Astronaut figure, the work of researcher Maria Reiche, and the ongoing challenges of preserving this UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Nazca Lines remain one of history’s most enduring and awe-inspiring mysteries.